COTRIMOXAZOLE THERAPY OF TOXOPLASMA-GONDII ENCEPHALITIS IN AIDS PATIENTS

Twenty-four consecutive HIV-positive patients affected by Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole) as acute-phase treatment. Two dosage regimens of cotrimoxazole were used: 40 mg/kg/day (12 patients) or 120 mg/kg/day (12 patients) of total compound (trime...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 1992-02, Vol.11 (2), p.125-130
Main Authors: CANESSA, A, DELBONO, DELEO, P, PIERSANTELLI, N, TERRAGNA, A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications
Adult
Drug Eruptions - etiology
Encephalitis - complications
Encephalitis - drug therapy
Female
human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infectious Diseases
Leukopenia - chemically induced
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Male
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Science & Technology
Toxoplasma gondii
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - complications
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - drug therapy
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - administration & dosage
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - adverse effects
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - therapeutic use
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Summary:Twenty-four consecutive HIV-positive patients affected by Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole) as acute-phase treatment. Two dosage regimens of cotrimoxazole were used: 40 mg/kg/day (12 patients) or 120 mg/kg/day (12 patients) of total compound (trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole). Clinical and radiological responses to treatment were evaluated, and the product-limit method for survival data analysis was used. Eighteen of 24 patients showed both a clinical and radiological response (75 % response rate). There were no differences in response rates between patients receiving the two dosage regimens of cotrimoxazole. Adverse reaction consisted of leukopenia (two cases) and skin rash (three cases) which led to the discontinuation of the drug in one case. These results suggest that a randomized, controlled clinical trial should be carried out comparing cotrimoxazole versus sulfadiazine-pyrimethamine in AIDS patients with Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis.
ISSN:0934-9723
1435-4373
DOI:10.1007/BF01967063