Prevention of Human Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea in Gnotobiotic Piglets using Bovine Antibody

The efficacy of passively administered bovine antibody for preventing human rotavirus (HRV)-induced diarrhea was investigated using a gnotobiotic pig model. Cows were immunized with inactivated HRV serotypes 1 (Wa) and 2 (S2) and simian rotavirus serotype 3 (SAIl), and immune colostrum and milk were...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992-04, Vol.165 (4), p.623-630
Main Authors: Schaller, Joseph P., Saif, Linda J., Cordle, Christopher T., Candler, Edrick, Winship, Timothy R., Smith, K. Larry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - biosynthesis
Antibodies, Viral - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Cattle
Colostrum - immunology
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - prevention & control
Disease Models, Animal
Dosage
Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
Germ-Free Life
Gnotobiotics
Immunization, Passive
Immunoglobulin G - therapeutic use
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Major
Major Articles
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Milk - immunology
Piglets
Rotavirus
Rotavirus - immunology
Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control
Science & Technology
Swine
Ungulates
Viral diseases
Viruses
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Request full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The efficacy of passively administered bovine antibody for preventing human rotavirus (HRV)-induced diarrhea was investigated using a gnotobiotic pig model. Cows were immunized with inactivated HRV serotypes 1 (Wa) and 2 (S2) and simian rotavirus serotype 3 (SAIl), and immune colostrum and milk were collected. Antibody concentrates derived from these materials were fed to germ-free piglets that were subsequently inoculated with HRV Wa. Both viral shedding and diarrhea were effectively reduced or eliminated in a dose-dependent manner as a result of HRV immune antibody feeding. A quantitative virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody method permitted assessment of the functional antibody dose required to achieve a 50% reduction of disease (PD50) . PD50 dose levels of 15.8 and 19.5 × 106 VN antibody units were determined for inhibition of diarrhea and viral shedding, respectively. Studies reported here provide new information on the quantitative relationship between protective antibody dose and diarrheal disease response.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/165.4.623