Associations of Daytime Napping with Incident Cardiovascular Diseases and Hypertension in Chinese Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study

This study aimed to examine the associations of daytime napping with incident risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and hypertension (HTN). Data for napping and CVD outcomes in 25 provinces were collected from baseline (2010) and three waves of follow-up (2012–2017) investigations of the China Fam...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedical and environmental sciences 2022-01, Vol.35 (1), p.22-34
Main Authors: WANG, Lu, WANG, Ke, LIU, Lin Jiong, ZHANG, Yuan Yuan, SHU, Hai Nan, WANG, Kai, ZHOU, Pei Xuan, ZHANG, Yun Quan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
China - epidemiology
Cohort Studies
Daytime napping
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - epidemiology
Hypertension - etiology
Incidence
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Sleep - physiology
Sleep duration
Time Factors
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Summary:This study aimed to examine the associations of daytime napping with incident risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and hypertension (HTN). Data for napping and CVD outcomes in 25 provinces were collected from baseline (2010) and three waves of follow-up (2012–2017) investigations of the China Family Panel Studies. Cox frailty models with random intercepts for the surveyed provinces were used to assess the longitudinal effects of daytime napping on CVD and HTN. Compared with non-nappers, 30+ min nappers had higher risks of CVD and HTN, while no significant associations were observed among < 30 min nappers. Incident risks among 30- to < 60-min nappers increased by 22% [hazard ratio (HR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.39] for CVD and 21% (1.21, 1.04–1.41) for HTN, respectively, with corresponding HRs of CVD and HTN of 1.27 (1.09–1.47) and 1.38 (1.16–1.65) among ≥ 60 min nappers. Nap-associated CVD risks varied by subgroups, with stronger associations in participants with lower body mass index (< 24 kg/m2), physically inactive persons, smokers, and participants with longer nighttime sleep (≥ 7 h/night). Significant effects of daytime napping were observed on rural and northern residents only, highlighting great regional variations in CVD risks associated with napping habits. This cohort study revealed strong evidence that long daytime napping (≥ 30 min) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events.
ISSN:0895-3988
2214-0190
DOI:10.3967/bes2022.004