Branchial Acid and Ammonia Fluxes in Response to Alkalosis and Acidosis in Two Marine Teleosts: Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus)

Metabolic acidosis, whether endogenous (exhaustive exercise) or exogenous (ammonium sulfate infusion), had qualitatively similar effects on net ammonia flux ($J_{net}^{Am$) and net transfer of acid-base equivalents ($J_{net}^{H^{+}$) in salmon and flounder. Intravascular infusion of$^{35}S-labeled$a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiological zoology 1991-01, Vol.64 (1), p.169-192
Main Authors: Milligan, C. Louise, McDonald, D. Gordon, Prior, Todd
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidosis
Alkalosis
Ammonia
Biological and medical sciences
Blood gas. Hemoglobin. Myoglobin. Hemotissulary gas exchange. Acid-base balance
Blood plasma
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gills
Lactates
Marine
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Physiological regulation
Platichthys stellatus
Pleuronectidae
Salmon
Salmonidae
Sulfates
Symposium-Related Research Papers
Trout
Vertebrates: respiratory system
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Summary:Metabolic acidosis, whether endogenous (exhaustive exercise) or exogenous (ammonium sulfate infusion), had qualitatively similar effects on net ammonia flux ($J_{net}^{Am$) and net transfer of acid-base equivalents ($J_{net}^{H^{+}$) in salmon and flounder. Intravascular infusion of$^{35}S-labeled$ammonium sulfate resulted in a rapid and large increase in$J_{net}^{Am$in both ospecies, although$J_{net}^{Am$was about three times greater in salmon than in flounder. Rates of$^{35}SO_{4}$clearance in salmon were 50-60 times those in flounder, and$^{35}SO_{4}$was distributed in a much smaller space than in flounder. Exhaustive exercise also led to increases in both$J_{net}^{Am}$and$J_{net}^{H^{+}$and again fluxes were 2-3 times greater in salmon than flounder. In both treatments the blood acid-base disturbance was corrected more rapidly in salmon than in flounder. Metabolic alkalosis (sodium lactate infusion) also elicited qualitatively different responses from salmon and flounder. In salmon, there was a net base excretion (i. e., a positive$J_{net}^{H^{+}$), and, except for a slight, although significant, reduction 4-8 h after infusion,$J_{net}^{Am}$was unchanged. In contrast,$J_{net}^{H^{+}$remained unchanged in flounder, despite a nearly 50% reduction in$J_{net}^{Am}$, which persisted for 8 h after infusion. As was the case for acidosis, the blood acid-base disturbance was corrected more rapidly in salmon than in flounder. The different responses may be related to differences in the morphology (e.g., surface area) and/or permeability characteristics of the gills.
ISSN:0031-935X
1937-4267
DOI:10.1086/physzool.64.1.30158518