Down-Regulation of the CSLF6 Gene Results in Decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-Glucan in Endosperm of Wheat

(1,3;1,4)-β-D-Glucan (β-glucan) accounts for 20% of the total cell walls in the starchy endosperm of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and is an important source of dietary fiber for human nutrition with potential health benefits. Bioinformatic and array analyses of gene expression profiles in developing ca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant physiology (Bethesda) 2010-03, Vol.152 (3), p.1209-1218
Main Authors: Nemeth, Csilla, Freeman, Jackie, Jones, Huw D, Sparks, Caroline, Pellny, Till K, Wilkinson, Mark D, Dunwell, Jim, Andersson, Annica A.M, Åman, Per, Guillon, Fabienne, Saulnier, Luc, Mitchell, Rowan A.C, Shewry, Peter R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1,3-beta-glucan synthase
aleurone layer
Barley
beta-glucans
beta-Glucans - metabolism
BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES
Biological and medical sciences
Cell walls
cellulose
Cloning, Molecular
dietary fiber
DNA, Complementary - genetics
DNA, Plant - genetics
Down-Regulation
Endosperm
Endosperm - metabolism
Enzymes
flour
Food Science
fruits
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Genes
Genetics
Glucosyltransferases - genetics
Glucosyltransferases - metabolism
Grains
Life Sciences
Livsmedelsvetenskap
Plant physiology and development
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plants
Plants genetics
Plants, Genetically Modified - enzymology
Plants, Genetically Modified - genetics
Polymerase chain reaction
Promoter Regions, Genetic
RNA Interference
Transgenes
Transgenic plants
Triticum - enzymology
Triticum - genetics
Triticum aestivum
Vegetal Biology
wheat
wheat starch
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Summary:(1,3;1,4)-β-D-Glucan (β-glucan) accounts for 20% of the total cell walls in the starchy endosperm of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and is an important source of dietary fiber for human nutrition with potential health benefits. Bioinformatic and array analyses of gene expression profiles in developing caryopses identified the CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE F6 (CSLF6) gene as encoding a putative β-glucan synthase. RNA interference constructs were therefore designed to down-regulate CSLF6 gene expression and expressed in transgenic wheat under the control of a starchy endosperm-specific HMW subunit gene promoter. Analysis of wholemeal flours using an enzyme-based kit and by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography after digestion with lichenase showed decreases in total β-glucan of between 30% and 52% and between 36% and 53%, respectively, in five transgenic lines compared to three control lines. The content of water-extractable β-glucan was also reduced by about 50% in the transgenic lines, and the Mr distribution of the fraction was decreased from an average of 79 to 85 x 10⁴ g/mol in the controls and 36 to 57 x 10⁴ g/mol in the transgenics. Immunolocalization of β-glucan in semithin sections of mature and developing grains confirmed that the impact of the transgene was confined to the starchy endosperm with little or no effect on the aleurone or outer layers of the grain. The results confirm that the CSLF6 gene of wheat encodes a β-glucan synthase and indicate that transgenic manipulation can be used to enhance the health benefits of wheat products.
ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.109.151712