MAIT cell activation is associated with disease severity markers in acute hantavirus infection

Hantaviruses are zoonotic RNA viruses that cause severe acute disease in humans. Infected individuals have strong inflammatory responses that likely cause immunopathology. Here, we studied the response of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in peripheral blood of individuals with hemorrhagic...

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Published in:Cell reports. Medicine 2021-03, Vol.2 (3), p.100220-100220, Article 100220
Main Authors: Maleki, Kimia T., Tauriainen, Johanna, García, Marina, Kerkman, Priscilla F., Christ, Wanda, Dias, Joana, Wigren Byström, Julia, Leeansyah, Edwin, Forsell, Mattias N., Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf, Ahlm, Clas, Björkström, Niklas K., Sandberg, Johan K., Klingström, Jonas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antigen-Presenting Cells - immunology
Antigen-Presenting Cells - virology
Biomarkers - metabolism
Case-Control Studies
cytokines
Disease Progression
endothelial cells
Endothelial Cells - immunology
Endothelial Cells - virology
Female
Gene Expression Regulation
hantavirus
Hantavirus Infections - genetics
Hantavirus Infections - immunology
Hantavirus Infections - pathology
Hantavirus Infections - virology
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome - genetics
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome - immunology
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome - pathology
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome - virology
Humans
IL-6
Immunophenotyping
Interferon Type I - genetics
Interferon Type I - immunology
Interferon-gamma - genetics
Interferon-gamma - immunology
Interleukin-10 - genetics
Interleukin-10 - immunology
Interleukin-6 - genetics
Interleukin-6 - immunology
Lymphocyte Activation
MAIT cells
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Middle Aged
monocytes
Monocytes - immunology
Monocytes - virology
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells - immunology
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells - virology
Puumala orthohantavirus
Puumala virus - immunology
Puumala virus - pathogenicity
Severity of Illness Index
T cells
type I interferons
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Summary:Hantaviruses are zoonotic RNA viruses that cause severe acute disease in humans. Infected individuals have strong inflammatory responses that likely cause immunopathology. Here, we studied the response of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in peripheral blood of individuals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala orthohantavirus, a hantavirus endemic in Europe. We show that MAIT cell levels decrease in the blood during HFRS and that residual MAIT cells are highly activated. This activation correlates with HFRS severity markers. In vitro activation of MAIT cells by hantavirus-exposed antigen-presenting cells is dependent on type I interferons (IFNs) and independent of interleukin-18 (IL-18). These findings highlight the role of type I IFNs in virus-driven MAIT cell activation and suggest a potential role of MAIT cells in the disease pathogenesis of viral infections. [Display omitted] MAIT cells are activated in individuals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)MAIT cell activation correlates with HFRS severity markers during hantavirus infectionMAIT cell blood levels decline during acute HFRSHantavirus-mediated MAIT cell activation is type I IFN dependent Maleki et al. demonstrate strong activation of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in individuals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala orthohantavirus. This phenotype is associated with markers of disease severity and is in vitro dependent on type I IFNs.
ISSN:2666-3791
2666-3791
DOI:10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100220