Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: Promising Antiviral Agents to Combat COVID-19 in the Microbial-Resistant Era

Therapeutic options for the highly pathogenic human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the current pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are urgently needed. COVID-19 is associated with viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome causing significant mo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS nano 2021-05, Vol.15 (5), p.8069-8086
Main Authors: Serrano-Aroca, Ángel, Takayama, Kazuo, Tuñón-Molina, Alberto, Seyran, Murat, Hassan, Sk. Sarif, Pal Choudhury, Pabitra, Uversky, Vladimir N, Lundstrom, Kenneth, Adadi, Parise, Palù, Giorgio, Aljabali, Alaa A. A, Chauhan, Gaurav, Kandimalla, Ramesh, Tambuwala, Murtaza M, Lal, Amos, Abd El-Aziz, Tarek Mohamed, Sherchan, Samendra, Barh, Debmalya, Redwan, Elrashdy M, Bazan, Nicolas G, Mishra, Yogendra Kumar, Uhal, Bruce D, Brufsky, Adam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Review
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Summary:Therapeutic options for the highly pathogenic human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the current pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are urgently needed. COVID-19 is associated with viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome causing significant morbidity and mortality. The proposed treatments for COVID-19 have shown little or no effect in the clinic so far. Additionally, bacterial and fungal pathogens contribute to the SARS-CoV-2-mediated pneumonia disease complex. The antibiotic resistance in pneumonia treatment is increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs), such as fullerene, carbon dots, graphene, and their derivatives constitute a promising alternative due to their wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and capacity to induce tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the antimicrobial mode of action is mainly physical (e.g., membrane distortion), characterized by a low risk of antimicrobial resistance. In this Review, we evaluated the literature on the antiviral activity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties of CBNs. CBNs had antiviral activity against 13 enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. CBNs with low or no toxicity to humans are promising therapeutics against the COVID-19 pneumonia complex with other viruses, bacteria, and fungi, including those that are multidrug-resistant.
ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.1c00629