Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

The identification and use of reversible Martensitic transformations, typically described as shape memory transformations, as a class of metallic solid-solid phase change materials are experimentally demonstrated here. Direct evidence of repeatable temperature leveling (9%–25% reduction in peak temp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics letters 2019-04, Vol.114 (14)
Main Authors: Sharar, Darin J., Donovan, Brian F., Warzoha, Ronald J., Wilson, Adam A., Leff, Asher C., Hanrahan, Brendan M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied physics
Corrosion resistance
Crystal structure
Energy storage
Figure of merit
Intermetallic compounds
Latent heat
Martensitic transformations
Nickel base alloys
Nickel compounds
Nickel titanides
Paraffins
Phase change materials
Phase transitions
Quaternary alloys
Shape memory alloys
Solid phases
Thermal conductivity
Thermal cycling
Thermal energy
Thermal simulation
Thermomechanical treatment
Titanium compounds
Trace elements
Transformation temperature
Transient heating
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Summary:The identification and use of reversible Martensitic transformations, typically described as shape memory transformations, as a class of metallic solid-solid phase change materials are experimentally demonstrated here. Direct evidence of repeatable temperature leveling (9%–25% reduction in peak temperature rise) during transient heating and cooling using NiTi was obtained by cyclic Joule-heating in a simulated thermal energy storage application. Compared to standard solid-solid materials and solid-liquid paraffin, these experimental results show that shape memory alloys provide up to a two order of magnitude higher figure of merit (FOM). To calculate the material FOM and determine the crystal structure, direct measurements of latent heat, thermal conductivity, density, and diffraction were performed. Beyond these experimental results, a review of >75 binary NiTi and NiTi-based ternary and quaternary alloys in the literature shows that shape memory alloys can be tuned in a wide range of transformation temperatures (from −50 to 500 °C), latent heats (up to 35.1 J/g), and thermal conductivities (from 15.6 to 28 W/m K). This can be accomplished by changing the Ni and Ti balance, introducing trace elements, leveraging intermediate R-phase transitions, and/or by thermomechanical processing. Combining excellent corrosion resistance, formability, high strength and ductility, high thermal performance, cyclic stability, and tunability, shape memory alloys represent a class of exceptional phase change materials that circumvent many of the scientific and engineering challenges hindering progress in this field.
ISSN:0003-6951
1077-3118
DOI:10.1063/1.5087135