Evaluation of temperate quality protein maize (QPM) hybrids for field performance and grain quality

Quality protein maize (QPM) (Zea mays L.) is primarily used for food in countries of tropical and sub-tropical regions where maize is the main source of protein. Although its cultivation in temperate regions is hampered by residues of exotic germplasm, it could be beneficial for use in livestock fee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chilean journal of agricultural research 2020-10, Vol.80 (4), p.598-607
Main Authors: Ignjatovic-Micic, Dragana, Kostadinovic, Marija, Bozinovic, Sofija, Djordjevic-Melnik, Olivera, Stankovic, Goran, Delic, Nenad, Vancetovic, Jelena
Format: Article
Language:eng ; por
Subjects:
AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
AGRONOMY
Amino acids
Analysis
Corn
Crop yield
Crop yields
Diet
Dietary supplements
Endosperm
Feed additives
Feeds
Food
Germplasm
Grain
Hybrids
Inbreeding
Livestock
Livestock feeds
Lysine
Proteins
Tropical environment
Tropical environments
Tryptophan
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Summary:Quality protein maize (QPM) (Zea mays L.) is primarily used for food in countries of tropical and sub-tropical regions where maize is the main source of protein. Although its cultivation in temperate regions is hampered by residues of exotic germplasm, it could be beneficial for use in livestock feeds as it was shown that substitution of standard maize with QPM can improve livestock characteristics and decrease dietary lysine supplementation. The aim of this study was to test 11 QPM hybrids obtained by crossing adapted QPM inbred lines for their performance in field trials in 2 yr at four locations, as well as to determine their relevant biochemical components. The main reason for rejecting nine QPM hybrids was low grain yield, standard hybrids had higher yields on average for 37.8%. Hybrid ZPQPM6 had good agronomic characteristics, but its biochemical components were nonsignificantly different from the standard hybrid. Only hybrid ZPQPM13 met necessary criteria, grain yield comparable with standard hybrids, high tryptophan content in different environments (average 0.083%) and hard endosperm (average score 1.87). Lysine content, measured after mercantile production, was 0.44%. Quality index, although below the QPM threshold (which is 0.80%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in ZPQPM13 in comparison with standard hybrid, indicating improved nutritional quality of the protein. The results indicated that presence of exotic germplasm in these QPM hybrids is a consequential difficulty and that in their parental inbred lines at least one more backcross with temperate germplasm should be done to select better adapted QPM.
ISSN:0718-5839
0718-5820
0718-5839
DOI:10.4067/S0718-58392020000400598