Conserving maize in gene banks: Changes in genetic diversity revealed by morphological and SSR markers

In the second half of 20th century the awareness of importance of landraces for the future, led to organized collecting missions for numerous plant species. A total of 2217 maize (Zea mays L.) landraces, collected in the former Yugoslavia, are stored at Maize Research Institute (MRIZP) gene bank. Du...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chilean journal of agricultural research 2018-03, Vol.78 (1), p.30-38
Main Authors: Andjelkovic, Violeta, Nikolic, Ana, Kovacevic, Dragan, Mladenovic-Drinic, Snezana, Kravic, Natalija, Babic, Vojka, Srebric, Mirjana, Jankulovska, Mirjana, Ivanovska, Sonja, Bosev, Dane
Format: Article
Language:eng ; por
Subjects:
20th century
Agricultural management
Agricultural sciences
Agriculture
AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
AGRONOMY
Alleles
Biological diversity
Breeding
Cluster analysis
Collections
Corn
Coupling (molecular)
Crop science
Gene banks
Genes
Genetic diversity
Genetic resources
Genetic testing
Germplasm
Markers
Missions
Molecular chains
Morphology
Phenotypic variations
Population genetics
Populations
Principal components analysis
Ribosomal DNA
Seeds
Zea mays
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Summary:In the second half of 20th century the awareness of importance of landraces for the future, led to organized collecting missions for numerous plant species. A total of 2217 maize (Zea mays L.) landraces, collected in the former Yugoslavia, are stored at Maize Research Institute (MRIZP) gene bank. During 2014, new collecting missions were organized in the eastern and western parts of Macedonia. According to collecting site and kernel type, 14 samples from the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, R. Macedonia were chosen for the comparison and identification of possible duplicates, through coupling with the 16 MRIZP gene bank accessions from the same area and kernel characteristics. Phenotypic characterization was done for 21 traits according to International Board for Plant Genetic Resources descriptors for maize. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identifies five PCs with Eigenvalue > 1, explaining 80% of the total phenotypic variation. The most discriminative traits with the strongest positive associations were tasseling and silking dates, plant height, leaf length and ear length. Compared to the exsitu populations, the number of alleles and the number of specific alleles, showed a significant decrease in the in situ populations. Twelve unique alleles were detected in samples from MRIZP gene bank, and only four were found in new Macedonian samples. Cluster analysis of morphological and molecular markers distinguished groups of maize accessions with distinctive morphological traits and genetic profiles that will be useful for conservation, and management of gene bank collection, as well as for possible utilization in breeding.
ISSN:0718-5839
0718-5820
0718-5839
DOI:10.4067/S0718-58392018000100030