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A Systematic Review of Remuneration Systems for Clinical Pharmacy Care Services
Objective: To provide descriptions of existing remuneration models for pharmacist clinical care services and to summarize the existing evaluations of economic, clinical, and humanistic outcome studies of the remuneration models. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abst...
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| Published in: | Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada 2008, Vol.141 (2), p.102-112 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Review |
| Language: | English |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Objective:
To provide descriptions of existing remuneration models for pharmacist clinical care services and to summarize the existing evaluations of economic, clinical, and humanistic outcome studies of the remuneration models.
Methods:
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, EconLit, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed from date of inception to June 2006. We also searched the World Wide Web, hand-searched pertinent journals and reference lists, and contacted experts in pharmacy practice research. One reviewer assessed titles and, with a second independent reviewer, assessed abstracts and full-text articles for inclusion and abstracted data. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or by a third independent reviewer. We included English language articles that described or evaluated current remuneration systems for pharmacist clinical care services and that involved a substantial number of pharmacists and that were paid by a third party other than the patient. Due to heterogeneity between systems, data were compiled qualitatively. Then, based on these results, an expert panel developed recommendations for implementing a remuneration model into current pharmacy practice in Alberta.
Results:
We identified 28 remuneration systems. Most commonly, payers were government agencies, and services were directed at the management of chronic diseases or complex medication regimens. While capitation models were evident, most systems provided payment according to each intervention carried out. Program evaluations were available from 14 models, and in many systems, initial uptake by pharmacists was high, but participation dropped after initial enrolment.
Conclusion:
To ensure that the provision of clinical care services will provide a sustainable avenue of income for pharmacists and cost-effective quality care for patients, a viable business model with additional training and support for pharmacists and ongoing program evaluation is needed. |
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| ISSN: | 1715-1635 1913-701X |
| DOI: | 10.3821/1913701X2008141102ASRORS20CO2 |