Impulse Oscillometry Findings and Their Associations With Lung Ultrasound Signs in COVID-19 Survivors

Because impulse oscillometry (IOS) can detect changes in the small airways and is safer to perform during the COVID-19 pandemic than other pulmonary function tests, it may have value in investigating pulmonary sequelae in COVID-19 survivors. This study evaluated the performance of IOS in detecting l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Respiratory care 2021-11, Vol.66 (11), p.1691-1698
Main Authors: Lopes, Agnaldo J, Mafort, Thiago T, da Cal, Mariana S, Monnerat, Laura B, Litrento, Patrícia F, Ramos, Ingrid, de Oliveira, Raphael F J, da Costa, Claudia H, Rufino, Rogério
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brazil
COVID-19
COVID-19 Testing
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemics
Humans
Lung - diagnostic imaging
Original Research
Oscillometry
Pandemics
Pulmonary function tests
Respiratory Function Tests
SARS-CoV-2
Spirometry
Survivors
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Summary:Because impulse oscillometry (IOS) can detect changes in the small airways and is safer to perform during the COVID-19 pandemic than other pulmonary function tests, it may have value in investigating pulmonary sequelae in COVID-19 survivors. This study evaluated the performance of IOS in detecting lung abnormalities in COVID-19 survivors and investigated the associations of the findings with those of lung ultrasound (LUS) and spirometry. In this cross-sectional study, 117 subjects underwent IOS at a frequency range of 4-20 Hz 2 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. They also underwent spirometry and LUS, and their aeration scores were calculated. On IOS, the resonance frequency was > 12 Hz, and the area under the reactance curve was > 3.60 cm H O/L/s in 70 (59.8%) and 55 (47.0%) subjects, respectively. A heterogeneity of resistance between R4 and R20 (R4-R20) > 20% was observed in 60 (51.3%) participants. Based on their abnormalities in resistive and reactive parameters, 76 (65.0%) participants had abnormal IOS. Spirometry abnormalities were detected in 40 (34.2%) cases. LUS was abnormal in 51 (43.6%) participants, and the median aeration score was 0 (0-8) points. Abnormal IOS was associated with abnormal LUS < .001) and abnormal spirometry = .002). Abnormal spirometry had a significant but weaker association with abnormal LUS = .031). In participants who reported hospitalization, abnormal IOS was associated with both abnormal LUS = .001) and abnormal spirometry = .006). In participants who did not report hospitalization, abnormal IOS was associated with abnormal LUS < .001) but not abnormal spirometry = .063). In COVID-19 survivors, IOS detected changes even when spirometry was normal. In these individuals, IOS parameters were more strongly associated with abnormalities on LUS than with abnormalities on spirometry.
ISSN:0020-1324
1943-3654
DOI:10.4187/respcare.09193