Small RNA sequencing and profiling of serum-derived exosomes from African swine fever virus-infected pigs

Abstract African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV) is responsible for one of the most severe swine diseases worldwide, with a morbidity rate of up to 100%; no vaccines or antiviral medicines are available against the virus. Exosomal miRNAs from individual cells can regulate the immune response to infec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of animal science 2023-01, Vol.101
Main Authors: Truong, Anh Duc, Kang, Suyeon, Dang, Hoang Vu, Hong, Yeojin, Vu, Thi Hao, Heo, Jubi, Chu, Nhu Thi, Nguyen, Huyen Thi, Tran, Ha Thi Thanh, Hong, Yeong Ho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
African swine fever
African Swine Fever - genetics
African Swine Fever - prevention & control
African Swine Fever Virus - genetics
African Swine Fever Virus - metabolism
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Antiviral agents
Chromosome 3
Defence mechanisms
Down-regulation
Encyclopaedias
Encyclopedias
Exosomes
Exosomes - genetics
Exosomes - metabolism
Fever
Gene sequencing
Genes
Genomes
Hogs
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity
Infectious diseases
Lymphocytes T
MAP kinase
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
Morbidity
Network analysis
Nucleic acids
Nucleotide sequence
Pathogenesis
PCR
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA sequencing
Sequence Analysis, RNA - veterinary
Signal transduction
Swine
Swine Diseases
T cell receptors
Toll-like receptors
TOR protein
Transcription
Viruses
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Summary:Abstract African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV) is responsible for one of the most severe swine diseases worldwide, with a morbidity rate of up to 100%; no vaccines or antiviral medicines are available against the virus. Exosomal miRNAs from individual cells can regulate the immune response to infectious diseases. In this study, pigs were infected with an ASFV Pig/HN/07 strain that was classified as acute form, and exosomal miRNA expression in the serum of infected pigs was analyzed using small RNA sequencing (small RNA-seq). Twenty-seven differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in the ASFV-infected pigs compared to that in the uninfected controls. Of these, 10 were upregulated and 17 were downregulated in the infected pigs. All DE miRNAs were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and the DE miRNAs were found to be highly involved in T-cell receptor signaling, cGMP-PKG signaling, Toll-like receptor, MAPK signaling, and mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, the Cytoscape network analysis identified the network of interactions between DE miRNAs and target genes. Finally, the transcription levels of four miRNA genes (ssc-miR-24-3p, ssc-miR-130b-3p, ssc-let-7a, and ssc-let-7c) were examined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and were found to be consistent with the small RNA-seq data. These DE miRNAs were associated with cellular genes involved in the pathways related to immune response, virus–host interactions, and several viral genes. Overall, our findings provide an important reference and improve our understanding of ASF pathogenesis and the immune or protective responses during an acute infection in the host. Total 27 miRNAs were differentially expressed in serum-derived exosomes from African swine fever virus infected pigs and results showed that 21 differentially expressed miRNAs may regulate the expression of genes which involved in several immune-related pathways. This study provides information that is helpful to improve the understanding of pathogenesis of African swine fever virus. Lay Summary African swine fever is a viral disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) which induces a big threat to the pig industry in the world. To date, there are no vaccines or antiviral medicines against the ASFV. Therefore, it is important to improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of ASFV and host–pathogen interaction using miRNA that may regulate genes related to
ISSN:0021-8812
1525-3163
DOI:10.1093/jas/skac400