A Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Study of the Transformation of the Benzalkonium Cation in Aqueous Solutions under the Action of Active Bromine

Benzalkonium salts are widely used in the composition of antimicrobial preparations in industry and everyday life and as algaecides to treat pool water. The disinfection of tap or waste water with active chlorine in the presence of natural or anthropogenic bromide anions or using bromine as a pool w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of analytical chemistry (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2022-12, Vol.77 (14), p.1752-1759
Main Authors: Varsegov, I. S., Ul’yanovskii, N. V., Kosyakov, D. S., Shavrina, I. S., Lebedev, A. T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Aqueous solutions
Bromination
Bromine
Cations
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chlorine
Disinfection
Gas chromatography
Herbicides
High performance liquid chromatography
Hydrogen atoms
Identification and classification
Mass spectrometry
Methods
Transformations
Wastewater
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Summary:Benzalkonium salts are widely used in the composition of antimicrobial preparations in industry and everyday life and as algaecides to treat pool water. The disinfection of tap or waste water with active chlorine in the presence of natural or anthropogenic bromide anions or using bromine as a pool water disinfectant creates conditions for the interaction of benzalkonium cations with active bromine to form disinfection by-products. This study presents the results of a model benzalkonium bromination with the identification of the resulting products by high-performance liquid and gas chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The primary transformation products are monobromo derivatives formed by the radical substitution of hydrogen atoms of the alkyl chain with bromine. Their further transformations yield dibromo-, hydroxy-, and hydroxybromo derivatives. The final products of the deep degradation of benzalkonium are bromoform, bromoacetonitrile, and several brominated hydrocarbons.
ISSN:1061-9348
1608-3199
DOI:10.1134/S1061934822140088