Level of maternal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nucleoprotein at birth and risk of RSV very severe lower respiratory tract infection

Background The nucleoprotein (N protein) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a candidate antigen for new RSV vaccine development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between maternal antibody titers against the RSV N protein at birth and the newborns' risk of dev...

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Published in:Influenza and other respiratory viruses 2023-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e13025-n/a
Main Authors: Receveur, Matthieu, Ottmann, Michèle, Reynes, Jean‐Marc, Eleouet, Jean‐François, Galloux, Marie, Receveur, Aurore, Ploin, Dominique, Fiorini, Sylvie, Rivat, Nathalie, Valette, Martine, Lina, Bruno, Casalegno, Jean‐Sebastien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amenorrhea
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral
Antigens
Birth
Birth weight
Cord blood
Emergency medical care
Epidemics
Female
Generalized linear models
Gestational age
Hospitalization
Human health and pathology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infants
Infections
Infectious diseases
Influenza
Life Sciences
lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)
maternal antibodies
Microbiology and Parasitology
Mortality
Mothers
Multiple births
N protein
Neonates
nucleoprotein
Original
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Proteins
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - epidemiology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
Respiratory tract
Respiratory tract diseases
Respiratory tract infection
Respiratory Tract Infections
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Statistical models
vaccine
Vaccine development
Vaccines
Variables
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:Background The nucleoprotein (N protein) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a candidate antigen for new RSV vaccine development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between maternal antibody titers against the RSV N protein at birth and the newborns' risk of developing very severe lower respiratory tract infection (VS‐LRTI). Methods In this single‐center prospective cohort study, 578 infants born during the RSV epidemic season in France were included. Among these, 36 were hospitalized for RSV VS‐LRTI. A generalized linear model was used to test the occurrence of a VS‐LRTI in function of sex, mode of delivery, parity of the mother, type of pregnancy, date of birth in relation to the peak of the epidemic, and antibody titer against N protein. Results All cord blood samples had detectable antibodies against N protein. The mean titers were significantly lower in newborns with risk factors for RSV severe LRTI (preterm infants, birth before the peak epidemic, multiparous mother). There was no association between antibody titer against the N protein and a protection against VS‐LRTI. Conclusions Further studies are needed to support the hypothesis that transfer of maternal antibodies against the RSV N protein can provide a significant immune protection early in infancy and that N protein candidate vaccine may be a suitable target for maternal vaccine.
ISSN:1750-2640
1750-2659
DOI:10.1111/irv.13025