Health Risk Assessment Based on Exposure to Chemicals in Air

Few studies have investigated personal exposure concentrations of not only some volatile organic compounds but also more types of chemicals including acidic gases and acrolein. We measured the personal exposure concentrations of 35 chemicals including these chemicals in indoor and outdoor air in Chi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-11, Vol.19 (23), p.15813
Main Authors:	Sakamoto, Hironari, Uchiyama, Shigehisa, Sato, Ayana, Isobe, Tomohiko, Kunugita, Naoki, Ogura, Hironao, Nakayama, Shoji F
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Acrolein Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis Benzene Cancer Carcinogens Chemicals Dichlorobenzene Environmental Exposure - analysis Environmental Monitoring - methods Exposure Formic acid Health risk assessment Health risks Hexanes Humans Indoor air pollution Indoor air quality Indoor environments Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis Organic compounds Outdoor air quality p-Dichlorobenzene Personal health Risk Assessment Summer Tetradecane VOCs Volatile organic compounds Winter
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Summary:	Few studies have investigated personal exposure concentrations of not only some volatile organic compounds but also more types of chemicals including acidic gases and acrolein. We measured the personal exposure concentrations of 35 chemicals including these chemicals in indoor and outdoor air in Chiba-shi, Japan, for 7 days in summer and winter to assess the associated health risks in 22 people. The personal exposure concentrations of nitrogen dioxide were higher in winter than in summer, and those of formaldehyde, -dichlorobenzene, and tetradecane were higher in summer than in winter. The personal exposure concentrations were mostly equal to or lower than the concentrations in indoor air, contrary to the results of a lot of previous studies. The high-risk chemicals based on personal exposure concentrations were identified as acrolein (max. 0.43 μg/m ), benzene (max. 3.1 μg/m ), and hexane (max. 220 μg/m ) in summer, and acrolein (max. 0.31 μg/m ), nitrogen dioxide (max. 320 μg/m ), benzene (max. 5.2 μg/m ), formic acid (max. 70 μg/m ), and hexane (max. 290 μg/m ) in winter. In addition, we estimated personal exposure concentrations according to the time spent at home and the chemical concentrations in indoor and outdoor air. We found that the estimated concentrations of some participants largely differed from the measured ones indicating that it is difficult to estimate personal exposure concentrations based on only these data.
ISSN:	1660-4601 1661-7827 1660-4601