Encapsulation of Manganese Porphyrin in Chondroitin Sulfate-A Microparticles for Long Term Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging

Introduction Oxidative stress due to excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is related to many chronic illnesses including degenerative disc disease and osteoarthritis. MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+ (BuOE), a manganese porphyrin analog, is a synthetic superoxide dismutase mimetic that scavenges ROS and has establ...

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Published in:Cellular and molecular bioengineering 2022-10, Vol.15 (5), p.391-407
Main Authors: Lee, Fei San, Ney, Kayla E., Richardson, Alexandria N., Oberley-Deegan, Rebecca E., Wachs, Rebecca A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomaterials
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Chondroitin sulfate
Chronic illnesses
Cytotoxicity
Damage prevention
Degenerative disc disease
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Encapsulation
Engineering
Incubation
Intervertebral discs
Introduced species
Manganese
Microparticles
Nucleus pulposus
Osteoarthritis
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Oxygen
Porphyrins
Radiation
Radiation damage
Radiation effects
Reactive oxygen species
S.I. : 2022 CMBE Young Innovators
Scavenging
Sulfates
Superoxide dismutase
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Summary:Introduction Oxidative stress due to excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is related to many chronic illnesses including degenerative disc disease and osteoarthritis. MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+ (BuOE), a manganese porphyrin analog, is a synthetic superoxide dismutase mimetic that scavenges ROS and has established good treatment efficacy at preventing radiation-induced oxidative damage in healthy cells. BuOE has not been studied in degenerative disc disease applications and only few studies have loaded BuOE into drug delivery systems. The goal of this work is to engineer BuOE microparticles (MPs) as an injectable therapeutic for long-term ROS scavenging. Methods Methacrylated chondroitin sulfate-A MPs (vehicle) and BuOE MPs were synthesized via water-in-oil polymerization and the size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency and release profile were characterized. To assess long term ROS scavenging of BuOE MPs, superoxide scavenging activity was evaluated over an 84-day time course. In vitro cytocompatibility and cellular uptake were assessed on human intervertebral disc cells. Results BuOE MPs were successfully encapsulated in MACS-A MPs and exhibited a slow-release profile over 84 days. BuOE maintained high potency in superoxide scavenging after encapsulation and after 84 days of incubation at 37 °C as compared to naked BuOE. Vehicle and BuOE MPs (100  µ g/mL) were non-cytotoxic on nucleus pulposus cells and MPs up to 23  µ m were endocytosed. Conclusions BuOE MPs can be successfully fabricated and maintain potent superoxide scavenging capabilities up to 84-days. In vitro assessment reveals the vehicle and BuOE MPs are not cytotoxic and can be taken up by cells.
ISSN:1865-5025
1865-5033
DOI:10.1007/s12195-022-00744-w