Family Caregivers of Veterans Experience High Levels of Burden, Distress, and Financial Strain

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To describe the caregiving experiences and physical and emotional needs of family members and friends who provide care to veterans with mental, physical, and cognitive comorbidities. DESIGN Cross‐sectional study. SETTING National telephone surveys administered from 2017 to 2019...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) 2020-11, Vol.68 (11), p.2675-2683
Main Authors: Shepherd‐Banigan, Megan, Sherman, Sophia R., Lindquist, Jennifer H., Miller, Katherine E. M., Tucker, Matthew, Smith, Valerie A., Van Houtven, Courtney Harold
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
caregiver
Caregiver Burden - economics
Caregiver Burden - psychology
caregiver support
Caregivers
Clinical significance
Cognitive ability
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression - epidemiology
Epidemiology
Family - psychology
family caregiver
Female
Health care
Humans
informal caregiver
Male
Mental depression
Middle Aged
Psychological Distress
Surveys and Questionnaires
Trauma
United States - epidemiology
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
veteran
Veterans
Veterans - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To describe the caregiving experiences and physical and emotional needs of family members and friends who provide care to veterans with mental, physical, and cognitive comorbidities. DESIGN Cross‐sectional study. SETTING National telephone surveys administered from 2017 to 2019. PARTICIPANTS Family caregivers of veterans enrolled in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Program of General Caregiver Support Services between October 2016 and July 2018 who responded to a telephone survey (N = 1,509; response rate = 39%). MEASUREMENTS We examined caregiver burden, depressive symptoms, financial strain, satisfaction with care, amount and duration of caregiving, life chaos, loneliness, and integration of caregiver with the healthcare team using validated instruments. We also collected caregiver demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and asked caregivers to identify the veteran's condition(s) and provide an assessment of the veteran's functioning. RESULTS Average caregiver age was 62.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 13.7) and 69.8 (SD = 15.6) for veterans. Among caregivers, 76.7% identified at White, and 79.9% were married to the veteran. Caregivers reported having provided care for an average of 6.4 years and spending on average 9.6 hours per day and 6.6 days per week providing care. Average Zarit Subjective Burden score was 21.8 (SD = 9.4; range = 0–47), which is well above the cutoff for clinically significant burden (>16). Caregivers reported high levels of depressive symptoms; the sample average Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10‐item Scale score was 11.5 (SD = 7.1; range = 0–30). Caregivers also reported high levels of loneliness and financial strain. CONCLUSION Caregivers who care for veterans with trauma‐based comorbidities reported intensive caregiving and significant levels of distress, depressive symptoms, and other negative consequences. These caregivers require comprehensive support services including access to health care, financial assistance, and enhanced respite care. Planned expansion of VA caregiver support has the potential to provide positive benefits for this population and serve as a model for caregiver support programs outside the VA health care system.
ISSN:0002-8614
1532-5415
DOI:10.1111/jgs.16767