Age at school entry and reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity in first graders: results of the prospective cohort study ikidS

Young age at school entry (ASE) is related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in higher grades. The reason for this association is unclear, but medical oversupply and stress-related factors are discussed. We aimed to investigate whether ASE is associated with reported symptoms of attention-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European child & adolescent psychiatry 2022-11, Vol.31 (11), p.1753-1764
Main Authors: Diefenbach, Christiane, Schmidt, Martina F., Huss, Michael, König, Jochem, Urschitz, Michael S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficits
Child
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Female
Germany - epidemiology
Humans
Hyperactivity
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Contribution
Population studies
Prospective Studies
Psychiatry
Schools
Stress
Symptoms
Teachers
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Summary:Young age at school entry (ASE) is related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in higher grades. The reason for this association is unclear, but medical oversupply and stress-related factors are discussed. We aimed to investigate whether ASE is associated with reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADH) already in first grade. Data of a population-based prospective cohort study ( N  = 2003; Mainz-Bingen region; Rhineland-Palatinate; Germany) with baseline assessments prior to school entry and two follow-ups during first grade were analysed. ADH symptoms were assessed by parent and teacher versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Associations between ASE and scores of the hyperactivity/inattention subscale (range 0–10) were investigated by regression analysis and adjusted for potential confounders and baseline symptoms prior to school entry. In total, 1633 children (52% boys, mean ASE 6.5 years) were included. There were no relationships between ASE and parent-reported scores of the hyperactivity/inattention subscale prior to school entry and 3 months thereafter. However, at the end of first grade, ASE was negatively associated with the hyperactivity/inattention subscale in parent (− 0.7 subscale points per year ASE, standard error = 0.16, p  
ISSN:1018-8827
1435-165X
DOI:10.1007/s00787-021-01813-7