Nontrivial phase matching in helielectric polarization helices: Universal phase matching theory, validation, and electric switching

Second-order optical nonlinearity is the essential concept for realizing modern technologies of optical wavelength conversion. The emerging helical polarization fluid, dubbed helielectric nematic, now makes it possible to design and easily fabricate various polarization structures and control their...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2022-07, Vol.119 (29), p.1
Main Authors: Zhao, Xiuhu, Long, Huaqian, Xu, Hao, Kougo, Junichi, Xia, Runli, Li, Jinxing, Huang, Mingjun, Aya, Satoshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplification
Chirality
Conversion
Electric fields
Helices
Nonlinear optics
Nonlinear systems
Nonlinearity
Phase matching
Physical Sciences
Polarization
Topology
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Summary:Second-order optical nonlinearity is the essential concept for realizing modern technologies of optical wavelength conversion. The emerging helical polarization fluid, dubbed helielectric nematic, now makes it possible to design and easily fabricate various polarization structures and control their optical responses. The matter family is demonstrated as an ideal liquid platform for nonlinear optical conversion and amplification with electric-reconfigurable tunability. We here develop a universal phase matching theory and reveal a nonclassic chirality-sensitive phase-matching condition in the polarization helices through both the numerical calculation and the experimental validations. The nonlinear optical amplification can be dramatically modulated with a contrast ratio of >100:1 by an in-plane electric field. Furthermore, we employ the director relaxation under electric fields coupled with nonlinear optical simulation to clarify the topology–light interactions.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2205636119