The role of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review

YKL-40, a chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) or human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (HC gp-39), is expressed and secreted by various cell-types including macrophages, chondrocytes, fibroblast-like synovial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Its biological function is not well elucidated, but it is...

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Published in:International journal of biological sciences 2022-01, Vol.18 (9), p.3731-3746
Main Authors: Tizaoui, Kalthoum, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Keum Hwa, Kim, Ji Hong, Kim, Minseok, Yoon, Sojung, Jung, Yeonwoo, Park, Joon Beom, An, Kitae, Choi, Hyeok, Song, Donggyu, Jung, HyunTaek, Ahn, Seongmin, Yuh, Taeho, Choi, Hee Min, Ahn, Jae Ha, Kim, Younjuong, Jee, Sanghyun, Lee, Hyeongsun, Jin, Soohwa, Kang, Jun-Gu, Koo, Bohyun, Lee, Joo Yeop, Min, Kyoung Min, Yoo, Wonseok, Rhyu, Hyeong Jun, Yoon, Yeonjung, Lee, Min Ho, Kim, Sung Eun, Hwang, Jimin, Koyanagi, Ai, Jacob, Louis, Park, Seoyeon, Shin, Jae Il, Smith, Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
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Review
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Summary:YKL-40, a chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) or human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (HC gp-39), is expressed and secreted by various cell-types including macrophages, chondrocytes, fibroblast-like synovial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Its biological function is not well elucidated, but it is speculated to have some connection with inflammatory reactions and autoimmune diseases. Although having important biological roles in autoimmunity, there were only attempts to elucidate relationships of YKL-40 with a single or couple of diseases in the literature. Therefore, in order to analyze the relationship between YKL-40 and the overall diseases, we reviewed 51 articles that discussed the association of YKL-40 with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Behçet disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Several studies showed that YKL-40 could be assumed as a marker for disease diagnosis, prognosis, disease activity and severity. It is also shown to be involved in response to disease treatment. However, other studies showed controversial results particularly in the case of Behçet disease activity. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of YKL-40 in autoimmunity and to investigate its potential in therapeutics.
ISSN:1449-2288
1449-2288
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.67587