The Shigella human challenge model

Shigella is an important bacterial cause of infectious diarrhoea globally. The Shigella human challenge model has been used since 1946 for a variety of objectives including understanding disease pathogenesis, human immune responses and allowing for an early assessment of vaccine efficacy. A systemat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epidemiology and infection 2013-02, Vol.141 (2), p.223-232
Main Authors: PORTER, C. K., THURA, N., RANALLO, R. T., RIDDLE, M. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteriology
Biological and medical sciences
Clinical outcomes
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - etiology
Dysentery, Bacillary - immunology
Dysentery, Bacillary - prevention & control
Epidemics
Epidemiologic Research Design
Food contamination & poisoning
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human Experimentation
Human subjects
Humans
Incidence
Infections
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
Shigella - immunology
Shigella dysenteriae - immunology
Shigella flexneri - immunology
Shigella sonnei - immunology
Shigella Vaccines - immunology
Shigella, Shiga-toxin
Shigellosis
Systematic Review
Vaccines
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Summary:Shigella is an important bacterial cause of infectious diarrhoea globally. The Shigella human challenge model has been used since 1946 for a variety of objectives including understanding disease pathogenesis, human immune responses and allowing for an early assessment of vaccine efficacy. A systematic review of the literature regarding experimental shigellosis in human subjects was conducted. Summative estimates were calculated by strain and dose. While a total of 19 studies evaluating nine strains at doses ranging from 10 to 1 × 1010 colony-forming units were identified, most studies utilized the S. sonnei strain 53G and the S. flexneri strain 2457T. Inoculum solution and pre-inoculation buffering has varied over time although diarrhoea attack rates do not appear to increase above 75–80%, and dysentery rates remain fairly constant, highlighting the need for additional dose-ranging studies. Expansion of the model to include additional strains from different serotypes will elucidate serotype and strain-specific outcome variability.
ISSN:0950-2688
1469-4409
DOI:10.1017/S0950268812001677