Why Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians fall and fracture: the codesigned Study of Indigenous Muscle and Bone Ageing (SIMBA) protocol

ObjectivesAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have a substantially greater fracture risk, where men are 50% and women are 26% more likely to experience a hip fracture compared with non-Indigenous Australians. Fall-related injuries in this population have also increased by 10%/year comp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open 2022-04, Vol.12 (4), p.e056589-e056589
Main Authors: Zengin, Ayse, Shore-Lorenti, Cat, Sim, Marc, Maple-Brown, Louise, Brennan-Olsen, Sharon Lee, Lewis, Joshua R, Ockwell, Jennifer, Walker, Troy, Scott, David, Ebeling, Peter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accidental Falls
Adult
Aging
Atherosclerosis
Body composition
Bone density
Bone diseases
Calcification
Calcium & bone
Cardiac Epidemiology
Cardiovascular disease
Chronic illnesses
Diabetes
Diabetes and Endocrinology
Falls
Female
Fractures
General diabetes
Humans
Kidney diseases
Male
Medical personnel
Mortality
Muscle strength
Muscles
Musculoskeletal disorders
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Native peoples
Observational Studies as Topic
Osteoporosis
Pain
PUBLIC HEALTH
Risk factors
Trauma
Victoria
Womens health
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Summary:ObjectivesAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have a substantially greater fracture risk, where men are 50% and women are 26% more likely to experience a hip fracture compared with non-Indigenous Australians. Fall-related injuries in this population have also increased by 10%/year compared with 4.3%/year in non-Indigenous Australians. This study aims to determine why falls and fracture risk are higher in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.SettingAll clinical assessments will be performed at one centre in Melbourne, Australia. At baseline, participants will have clinical assessments, including questionnaires, anthropometry, bone structure, body composition and physical performance tests. These assessments will be repeated at follow-up 1 and follow-up 2, with an interval of 12 months between each clinical visit.ParticipantsThis codesigned prospective observational study aims to recruit a total of 298 adults who identify as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and reside within Victoria, Australia. Stratified sampling by age and sex will be used to ensure equitable distribution of men and women across four age-bands (35–44, 45–54, 55–64 and 65+ years).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome is within-individual yearly change in areal bone mineral density at the total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Within-individual change in cortical and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density at the radius and tibia using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography will be determined. Secondary outcomes include yearly differences in physical performance and body composition.Ethical approvalEthics approval for this study has been granted by the Monash Health Human Research Ethics Committee (project number: RES-19–0000374A).Trial registration numberACTRN12620000161921.
ISSN:2044-6055
2044-6055
DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056589