A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease

SignificanceConcern has increased about the pandemic potential of Nipah virus (NiV). Similar to SARS-CoV-2, NiV is an RNA virus that is transmitted by respiratory droplets. There are currently no NiV vaccines licensed for human use. While several preventive vaccines have shown promise in protecting...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2022-03, Vol.119 (12), p.e2200065119-e2200065119
Main Authors: Foster, Stephanie L, Woolsey, Courtney, Borisevich, Viktoriya, Agans, Krystle N, Prasad, Abhishek N, Deer, Daniel J, Geisbert, Joan B, Dobias, Natalie S, Fenton, Karla A, Cross, Robert W, Geisbert, Thomas W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
Animals
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Biological Sciences
Biomarkers
Cytotoxicity
Genetic Vectors
Glycoproteins
Henipavirus Infections - veterinary
Humoral immunity
Immunization
Interferon
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Lethal dose
Lethality
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Monkeys
Monkeys & apes
Natural killer cells
Neutralization Tests
Nipah virus
Nipah Virus - immunology
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Primate Diseases - diagnosis
Primate Diseases - mortality
Primate Diseases - prevention & control
Primate Diseases - virology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Stomatitis
Transcription
Transcriptomics
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Viral diseases
Viral Load
Viral Vaccines - immunology
Viruses
Zoonoses
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Summary:SignificanceConcern has increased about the pandemic potential of Nipah virus (NiV). Similar to SARS-CoV-2, NiV is an RNA virus that is transmitted by respiratory droplets. There are currently no NiV vaccines licensed for human use. While several preventive vaccines have shown promise in protecting animals against lethal NiV disease, most studies have assessed protection 1 mo after vaccination. However, in order to contain and control outbreaks, vaccines that can rapidly confer protection in days rather than months are needed. Here, we show that a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector expressing the NiV glycoprotein can completely protect monkeys vaccinated 7 d prior to NiV exposure and 67% of animals vaccinated 3 d before NiV challenge.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2200065119