Assessment of Barriers and Enablers to Implementation of a Pediatric Early Warning System in Resource-Limited Settings

Pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) aid with early identification of clinical deterioration and improve outcomes in children with cancer hospitalized in resource-limited settings; however, there may be barriers to implementation. To evaluate stakeholder-reported barriers and enablers to PEWS impl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JAMA network open 2022-03, Vol.5 (3), p.e221547-e221547
Main Authors: Agulnik, Asya, Ferrara, Gia, Puerto-Torres, Maria, Gillipelli, Srinithya R, Elish, Paul, Muniz-Talavera, Hilmarie, Gonzalez-Ruiz, Alejandra, Armenta, Miriam, Barra, Camila, Diaz, Rosdali, Hernandez, Cinthia, Juárez Tobias, Susana, de Jesus Loeza, Jose, Mendez, Alejandra, Montalvo, Erika, Penafiel, Eulalia, Pineda, Estuardo, Graetz, Dylan E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child
Clinical Deterioration
Female
Global Health
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Humans
Interviews
Male
Medical Oncology
Neoplasms
Online Only
Original Investigation
Pediatrics
Stakeholders
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Summary:Pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) aid with early identification of clinical deterioration and improve outcomes in children with cancer hospitalized in resource-limited settings; however, there may be barriers to implementation. To evaluate stakeholder-reported barriers and enablers to PEWS implementation in resource-limited hospitals. In this qualitative study, semistructured stakeholder interviews were conducted at 5 resource-limited pediatric oncology centers in 4 countries in Latin America. Hospitals participating in a multicenter collaborative to implement PEWS were purposefully sampled based on time required for implementation (fast vs slow), and stakeholders interviewed included physicians, nurses, and administrators, involved in PEWS implementation. An interview guide was developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Interviews were conducted virtually in Spanish, audiorecorded, and professionally transcribed and translated into English. A codebook was developed a priori using the CFIR and supplemented with codes inductively derived from transcript review. Two coders independently analyzed all transcripts, achieving a κ of 0.8 to 0.9. The study was conducted from June 1 to August 31, 2020. Thematic analysis was conducted based on CFIR domains (inner setting, characteristics of individuals, outer setting, intervention characteristics, and implementation process) to identify barriers and enablers to PEWS implementation. Seventy-one staff involved in PEWS implementation were interviewed, including 32 physicians (45%), 32 nurses (45%), and 7 administrators (10%). Of these, 50 were women (70%). Components of the 5 CFIR domains were mentioned by participants as barriers and enablers to PEWS implementation at both fast- and slow-implementing centers. Participants emphasized barriers at the level of the clinical staff, hospital, external factors, and PEWS intervention. These barriers included staff resistance to change, inadequate resources, components of health systems, and the perceived origin and complexity of PEWS. At all centers, most barriers were successfully converted to enablers during the implementation process through targeted strategies, such as early stakeholder engagement and adaptation, including adapting PEWS to better fit the local context and changing the hospital setting to support ongoing use of PEWS. To date, this is the first multicenter, multinational study describing barriers and enablers to PEWS
ISSN:2574-3805
2574-3805
DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1547