From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance

Secondary metabolites profoundly affect microbial physiology, metabolism and stress responses. Increasing evidence suggests that these molecules can modulate microbial susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics; however, secondary metabolites are typically excluded from standard antimicrobial susce...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nature reviews. Microbiology 2022-03, Vol.20 (3), p.129-142
Main Authors:	Perry, Elena K, Meirelles, Lucas A, Newman, Dianne K
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibiotic resistance Antibiotic tolerance Antibiotics Antiinfectives and antibacterials Bacteria - drug effects Bacteria - metabolism Biofilms - drug effects Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects Drug Resistance, Bacterial - physiology Drug Tolerance - physiology Humans Metabolism Metabolites Microorganisms Opportunist infection Reviews Secondary metabolites Soil Microbiology Susceptibility
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Summary:	Secondary metabolites profoundly affect microbial physiology, metabolism and stress responses. Increasing evidence suggests that these molecules can modulate microbial susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics; however, secondary metabolites are typically excluded from standard antimicrobial susceptibility assays. This may in part account for why infections by diverse opportunistic bacteria that produce secondary metabolites often exhibit discrepancies between clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing results and clinical treatment outcomes. In this Review, we explore which types of secondary metabolite alter antimicrobial susceptibility, as well as how and why this phenomenon occurs. We discuss examples of molecules that opportunistic and enteric pathogens either generate themselves or are exposed to from their neighbours, and the nuanced impacts these molecules can have on tolerance and resistance to certain antibiotics.
ISSN:	1740-1526 1740-1534