Effects of HF-rTMS over the left and right DLPFC on proactive and reactive cognitive control

Abstract Previous research supports the distinction between proactive and reactive control. Although the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been consistently related to these processes, lateralization of proactive and reactive control is still under debate. We manipulated brain activity to i...

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Published in:Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 2022-02, Vol.17 (1), p.109-119
Main Authors: Pulopulos, Matias M, Allaert, Jens, Vanderhasselt, Marie-Anne, Sanchez-Lopez, Alvaro, De Witte, Sara, Baeken, Chris, De Raedt, Rudi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cognition
Female
Humans
Original Manuscript
Prefrontal Cortex - physiology
Reaction Time - physiology
Single-Blind Method
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods
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Summary:Abstract Previous research supports the distinction between proactive and reactive control. Although the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been consistently related to these processes, lateralization of proactive and reactive control is still under debate. We manipulated brain activity to investigate the role of the left and right DLPFC in proactive and reactive cognitive control. Using a single-blind, sham-controlled crossover within-subjects design, 25 young healthy females performed the ‘AX’ Continuous Performance Task after receiving sham vs active high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) to increase left and right DLPFC activity. Reaction times (RTs) and pupillometry were used to assess patterns of proactive and reactive cognitive control and task-related resource allocation, respectively. We observed that, compared to sham, HF-rTMS over the left DLPFC increased proactive control. After right DLPFC HF-rTMS, participants showed slower RTs on AX trials, suggesting more reactive control. However, this latter result was not supported by RTs on BX trials (i.e. the trial that specifically assess reactive control). Pupil measures showed a sustained increase in resource allocation after both active left and right HF-rTMS. Our results with RT data provide evidence on the role of the left DLPFC in proactive control and suggest that the right DLPFC is implicated in reactive control.
ISSN:1749-5016
1749-5024
DOI:10.1093/scan/nsaa082