Malaria abrogates O'nyong-nyong virus pathologies by restricting virus infection in nonimmune cells

O'nyongnyong virus (ONNV) is a re-emerging alphavirus previously known to be transmitted by main malaria vectors, thus suggesting the possibility of coinfections with arboviruses in co-endemic areas. However, the pathological outcomes of such infections remain unknown. Using murine coinfection...

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Published in:Life science alliance 2022-04, Vol.5 (4), p.e202101272
Main Authors: Torres-Ruesta, Anthony, Teo, Teck-Hui, Chan, Yi-Hao, Amrun, Siti Naqiah, Yeo, Nicholas Kim-Wah, Lee, Cheryl Yi-Pin, Nguee, Samantha Yee-Teng, Tay, Matthew Zirui, Nosten, Francois, Fong, Siew-Wai, Lum, Fok-Moon, Carissimo, Guillaume, Renia, Laurent, Ng, Lisa Fp
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alphavirus Infections
Animals
Cell Line
Coinfection - parasitology
Coinfection - virology
Disease Models, Animal
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Malaria
Mice
Microbial Interactions
O'nyong-nyong Virus - pathogenicity
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Summary:O'nyongnyong virus (ONNV) is a re-emerging alphavirus previously known to be transmitted by main malaria vectors, thus suggesting the possibility of coinfections with arboviruses in co-endemic areas. However, the pathological outcomes of such infections remain unknown. Using murine coinfection models, we demonstrated that a preexisting blood-stage infection suppresses ONNV-induced pathologies. We further showed that suppression of viremia and virus dissemination are dependent on -induced IFNγ and are associated with reduced infection of CD45 cells at the site of virus inoculation. We further proved that treatment with IFNγ or plasma samples from -infected patients containing IFNγ are able to restrict ONNV infection in human fibroblast, synoviocyte, skeletal muscle, and endothelial cell lines. Mechanistically, the role of IFNγ in restricting ONNV infection was confirmed in in vitro infection assays through the generation of an IFNγ receptor 1 α chain (IFNγR1)-deficient cell line.
ISSN:2575-1077
2575-1077
DOI:10.26508/lsa.202101272