Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Nephropathy: A Clinicopathologic Study in a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary aetiology of glomerulonephritis worldwide, and it is the most important type in terms of morbidity and mortality. IgAN involves the deposition of immune bodies in the mesangial cells of the kidney, which causes renal glomerular damage, h...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2021-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e19445-e19445
Main Authors: Bokhary, Omar A, Alhozali, Hanadi M, Alghamdi, Maha K, Abulfaraj, Ahmed M, Alkhallagi, Abdulaziz S, Aldharrab, Abdulmohsen S, Alyahya, Faisal S, Al Zahrani, Reem A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biopsy
Blood pressure
Classification
Creatinine
Diuretics
Enzymes
Females
Hematuria
Hypertension
Immunoglobulins
Internal Medicine
Kidney diseases
Laboratories
Nephrology
Pathology
Patients
Respiratory diseases
Standard deviation
Statistical analysis
Steroids
Thyroid diseases
Variables
Womens health
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Summary:Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary aetiology of glomerulonephritis worldwide, and it is the most important type in terms of morbidity and mortality. IgAN involves the deposition of immune bodies in the mesangial cells of the kidney, which causes renal glomerular damage, haematuria, proteinuria, and various other symptoms. Previous studies have mainly focused on the East Asian population, with few studies conducted in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the western region. The diagnosis requires a biopsy, which should be examined by an expert and classified according to the Oxford classification system. Analyze the clinical, pathological, and laboratory features of male and female patients diagnosed with IgAN at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). This was a retrospective record review conducted at KAUH in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between May-June 2021. The study included 18 patients diagnosed with IgAN by biopsy, and their clinical, laboratory and pathological data were evaluated and classified according to the Oxford classification system. Demographic data revealed a male predominance of 66.7%. The most common pathological finding was mesangial proliferation, and the most common presentation was haematuria. For treatment options, corticosteroids were the most prescribed drugs. A significant relationship was found between IgAN with increased serum creatinine and male sex (P = 0.017). Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in IgAN and the male sex (P = 0.006). We found a difference in terms of pathological, clinical and laboratory presentations of IgAN between males and females. Men generally had worse kidney function at presentation and advanced Oxford classification in their kidney biopsies compared to women.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.19445