Insights Into the Physiology of C-peptide

Current knowledge suggests a complex role of C-peptide in human physiology, but its mechanism of action is only partially understood. The effects of C-peptide appear to be variable depending on the target tissue, physiological environment, its combination with other bioactive molecules such as insul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiological research 2020-09, Vol.69 (Suppl 2), p.S237-S243
Main Authors: VEJRAZKOVA, D., VANKOVA, M., LUKASOVA, P., VCELAK, J., BENDLOVA, B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent)
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Endocrinology
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
Insulin
Kinases
Metabolism
Peptides
Physiology
Proteins
Review
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Summary:Current knowledge suggests a complex role of C-peptide in human physiology, but its mechanism of action is only partially understood. The effects of C-peptide appear to be variable depending on the target tissue, physiological environment, its combination with other bioactive molecules such as insulin, or depending on its concentration. It is apparent that C-peptide has therapeutic potential for the treatment of vascular and nervous damage caused by type 1 or late type 2 diabetes mellitus. The question remains whether the effect is mediated by the receptor, the existence of which is still uncertain, or whether an alternative non-receptor-mediated mechanism is responsible. The Institute of Endocrinology in Prague has been paying much attention to the issue of C-peptide and its metabolic effect since the 1980s. The RIA methodology of human C-peptide determination was introduced here and transferred to commercial production. By long-term monitoring of C-peptide oGTT-derived indices, the Institute has contributed to elucidating the pathophysiology of glucose tolerance disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge of C-peptide physiology and highlights the contributions of the Institute of Endocrinology to this issue.
ISSN:0862-8408
1802-9973
DOI:10.33549/physiolres.934519