Membranous HEG1 expression is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of epithelioid and biphasic malignant mesothelioma versus carcinomas

Sialylated HEG1 has been reported as a highly specific and sensitive mesothelioma marker but a comprehensive evaluation of its expression in carcinomas in different organs, various sarcomas and reactive mesothelial proliferations has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clini...

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Published in:Pathology international 2021-09, Vol.71 (9), p.604-613
Main Authors: Hiroshima, Kenzo, Wu, Di, Koh, Eitetsu, Sekine, Yasuo, Ozaki, Daisuke, Yusa, Toshikazu, Nakazawa, Tadao, Tsuji, Shoutaro, Miyagi, Yohei, Walts, Ann E., Marchevsky, Alberto M., Husain, Aliya N., Imai, Kohzoh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - diagnosis
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Differential
Differential diagnosis
Epithelium - pathology
HEG1
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Immunoreactivity
Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis
Lung Neoplasms - pathology
Markers
Membrane Proteins - genetics
Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Mesenchyme
mesothelial marker
Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma, Malignant - diagnosis
Mesothelioma, Malignant - pathology
Organs
Original
Ovarian carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Thyroid
Thyroid carcinoma
Tissue Array Analysis
Tumors
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Summary:Sialylated HEG1 has been reported as a highly specific and sensitive mesothelioma marker but a comprehensive evaluation of its expression in carcinomas in different organs, various sarcomas and reactive mesothelial proliferations has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of HEG1 as a marker in the diagnosis of mesothelioma. HEG1 immunoreactivity was evaluated in whole sections of 122 mesotheliomas, 75 pulmonary carcinomas, 55 other carcinomas, 16 mesenchymal tumors, and 24 reactive mesothelial proliferations and in tissue microarrays containing 70 epithelioid (EM), 36 biphasic (BM), and 2 sarcomatoid mesotheliomas (SM). In whole sections and tissue microarrays, respectively, membranous HEG1 was expressed in 93.0% and 85.5% of EM, 81.3% and 69.4% of BM, 0% and 0% of SM. HEG1 was not expressed in pulmonary adenocarcinomas. HEG1 was expressed as cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas (21.7%). Membranous HEG1 staining was seen in ovarian carcinomas (66.7%), thyroid carcinomas (100%), reactive conditions (16.7%), and mesenchymal tumors (18.8%). The sensitivity of membranous HEG1 expression to distinguish EM/BM from all carcinomas was 88.8%. The specificity for the differential diagnosis between EM/BM and all carcinomas and pulmonary carcinomas was 92.3% and 98.7%, respectively.
ISSN:1320-5463
1440-1827
DOI:10.1111/pin.13140