Effects of Performing Applied Muscle Tension during Recovery after Phlebotomy in Young, First-Time Donors: A Pilot Study

Vasovagal reaction (VVR) compromises donor safety and reduces the subsequent return rates. Performing applied muscle tension (AMT) during phlebotomy may reduce the incidence of VVR. However, the effectiveness of performing AMT after phlebotomy to reduce delayed VVR remains unclear. With ethics appro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-10, Vol.18 (19), p.10541
Main Authors: Cheung, Cara H. Y., Khaw, May L., Leung, Wan Shun, Tam, Shing Yau, Chu, Chui Yee, Lee, Cheuk Kwong, Lee, Shara W. Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety
Blood & organ donations
Carbon monoxide
Cardiac output
Fainting
Hemodynamics
Muscles
Phlebotomy
Physiology
Questionnaires
Statistical analysis
Stroke volume
Variance analysis
Vasovagal syncope
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Summary:Vasovagal reaction (VVR) compromises donor safety and reduces the subsequent return rates. Performing applied muscle tension (AMT) during phlebotomy may reduce the incidence of VVR. However, the effectiveness of performing AMT after phlebotomy to reduce delayed VVR remains unclear. With ethics approval, 12 young, first-time donors (YFTD) were recruited to study the effects on stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) while performing AMT from needle insertion to end of recovery. Measurements from 12 matched control YFTD were used for comparison. Pre-donation anxiety and VVR severity were assessed. Compared to controls, donors who performed AMT had higher SV (Control: 57 mL vs. AMT: 69 mL, p = 0.045), higher CO (Control: 3.7 L·min−1 vs. AMT: 5.2 L·min−1, p = 0.006) and lower SVR (Control: 1962 dyn·s·cm−5 vs. AMT: 1569 dyn·s·cm−5, p = 0.032) during mid-phlebotomy. During recovery, the AMT group retained higher SV, higher CO and lower SVR than the control, but not reaching statistical significance. Practicing AMT during recovery resulted in sustained haemodynamic improvements beyond the donation period, despite the reduction in delayed VVR was insignificant compared to the control group. A larger sample size is needed to validate the effectiveness of performing AMT after donation to mitigate delayed VVR.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph181910541