CO2 supply modulates lipid remodelling, photosynthetic and respiratory activities in Chlorella species

Microalgae represent a potential solution to reduce CO2 emission exploiting their photosynthetic activity. Here, the physiologic and metabolic responses at the base of CO2 assimilation were investigated in conditions of high or low CO2 availability in two of the most promising algae species for indu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant, cell and environment cell and environment, 2021-09, Vol.44 (9), p.2987-3001
Main Authors: Cecchin, Michela, Paloschi, Matteo, Busnardo, Giovanni, Cazzaniga, Stefano, Cuine, Stephan, Li‐Beisson, Yonghua, Wobbe, Lutz, Ballottari, Matteo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acclimation
Acclimatization
Algae
Aquatic microorganisms
Availability
carbon assimilation
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Carbon dioxide fixation
Chlorella
Chlorella sorokiniana
Chlorophyta
Chloroplasts
Emissions control
Homology
Inorganic carbon
Lipids
Metabolic response
microalgae
Mitochondria
NAD
NADP
Original
Photosynthesis
Power consumption
Proteins
Redox properties
respiration
Species
triacylglycerols
Triglycerides
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Summary:Microalgae represent a potential solution to reduce CO2 emission exploiting their photosynthetic activity. Here, the physiologic and metabolic responses at the base of CO2 assimilation were investigated in conditions of high or low CO2 availability in two of the most promising algae species for industrial cultivation, Chlorella sorokiniana and Chlorella vulgaris. In both species, high CO2 availability increased biomass accumulation with specific increase of triacylglycerols in C. vulgaris and polar lipids and proteins in C. sorokiniana. Moreover, high CO2 availability caused only in C. vulgaris a reduced NAD(P)H/NADP+ ratio and reduced mitochondrial respiration, suggesting a CO2 dependent increase of reducing power consumption in the chloroplast, which in turn influences the redox state of the mitochondria. Several rearrangements of the photosynthetic machinery were observed in both species, differing from those described for the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, where adaptation to carbon availability is mainly controlled by the translational repressor NAB1. NAB1 homologous protein could be identified only in C. vulgaris but lacked the regulation mechanisms previously described in C. reinhardtii. Acclimation strategies to cope with a fluctuating inorganic carbon supply are thus diverse among green microalgae, and these results suggest new biotechnological strategies to boost CO2 fixation. High/low CO2 availability induces in Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana specific cell responses as lipids remodelling, modulation of mitochondrial respiration and adaptations of the photosynthetic apparatus.
ISSN:0140-7791
1365-3040
DOI:10.1111/pce.14074