Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) in Hydroalcoholic Gels of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Despite the high consumption of hydroalcoholic gels worldwide and particularly in Côte d’Ivoire since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, very few studies have measured the heavy metal content and human exposure in this product. Thus, 30 samples from supermarkets in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, were c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological trace element research 2022-05, Vol.200 (5), p.2510-2518
Main Authors: Gnonsoro, Urbain Paul, Ake Assi, Yolande Epouse Datte, Sangare, Naminata Soumahoro, Kouakou, Yao Urbain, Trokourey, Albert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additives
Adsorption
Adult
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Cadmium
Cadmium - analysis
Canada
Cancer
Carcinogens
Colour
Cote d'Ivoire - epidemiology
COVID-19
Dermal absorption
Environmental Monitoring
Gels
Gels - analysis
Health problems
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heavy metal content
Heavy metals
Humans
Lead
Lead - analysis
Life Sciences
Mercury
Mercury (metal)
Mercury - analysis
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Neoplasms
Nutrition
Oncology
Pandemics
Quotients
Risk Assessment
Service life assessment
Skin
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Summary:Despite the high consumption of hydroalcoholic gels worldwide and particularly in Côte d’Ivoire since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, very few studies have measured the heavy metal content and human exposure in this product. Thus, 30 samples from supermarkets in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, were collected for the study of risk assessment of exposure to heavy metals contained in hydroalcoholic gels. This study consists of the characterization of the danger by calculating the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk by skin contact. Almost all samples analysed contain trace of lead, cadmium and mercury but at concentrations below the Canadian limit in cosmetic products applied to the skin and below the US FDA limit as an impurity in colour additives used in cosmetic products. The mean values of chronic daily intake via dermal absorption (CDIdermal) for adults were found in the order of mercury > lead > cadmium. The health risk estimation indicated that the mean total hazard quotient for dermal adsorption (HIdermal) obtained is 7.10 × 10 -5 ± 5.52 × 10 -5 . This value was below 1, the acceptable limit, representing a non-carcinogenic risk for Abidjan residents through dermal adsorption. Moreover, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) evaluation for lead and cadmium was insignificant, and the cancer risk can be neglected, but in case of their overusing, they can cause long-term health problems for consumers.
ISSN:0163-4984
1559-0720
DOI:10.1007/s12011-021-02822-y