Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Respiratory Failure in a Cohort of Young Patients Requiring Hospital Admission with SARS-CoV2 Infection in Spain: Results of the Multicenter SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Background Age is a risk factor for COVID severity. Most studies performed in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 infection have shown an over-representation of older patients and consequently few have properly defined COVID-19 in younger patients who require hospital admission. The aim of the pres...

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Published in:Journal of general internal medicine : JGIM 2021-10, Vol.36 (10), p.3080-3087
Main Authors: Díaz-Simón, Raquel, Lalueza, Antonio, Lora-Tamayo, Jaime, Rubio-Rivas, Manuel, Mendo, Cristina Llamazares, Martínez, María Luisa Taboada, Méndez, Cristina Asencio, Pesqueira Fontán, Paula M., Cruz, Ana Fernández, Cabrera, Juan Luis Romero, Rodríguez, Begoña Cortés, Rubio, Aurora Espinar, de Ávila, Vicente Serrano Romero, García, Gema Maria García, Osorio, Luis Cabeza, González-Fernández, María, Noya, Amara González, Wittel, Máximo Bernabeu, Fernandez, Francisco Arnalich, Sempere, Verónica Martínez, Artero, Arturo, Loureiro-Amigo, Jose, Huelgas, Ricardo Gómez, Santos, Juan Miguel Antón, Lumbreras, Carlos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abuse
Adolescent
Adult
Alcohol abuse
Apnea
Blood pressure
C-reactive protein
Cohort Studies
Confidence intervals
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Drug abuse
Fever
Heart
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Humans
Infections
Internal Medicine
Lymphocytes
Mechanical ventilation
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Mortality
Multivariate analysis
Obesity
Original Research
Oxygen
Partial pressure
Patients
Registries
Respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory failure
Respiratory Insufficiency - epidemiology
Respiratory Insufficiency - etiology
Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy
Retrospective Studies
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
RNA, Viral
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sleep disorders
Spain - epidemiology
Thromboembolism
Thrombosis
Young Adult
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Summary:Background Age is a risk factor for COVID severity. Most studies performed in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 infection have shown an over-representation of older patients and consequently few have properly defined COVID-19 in younger patients who require hospital admission. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors for the development of respiratory failure among young (18 to 50 years) hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods This retrospective nationwide cohort study included hospitalized patients from 18 to 50 years old with confirmed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and July 2, 2020. All patient data were obtained from the SEMI-COVID Registry. Respiratory failure was defined as the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) ≤200 mmHg or the need for mechanical ventilation and/or high-flow nasal cannula or the presence of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Results During the recruitment period, 15,034 patients were included in the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, of whom 2327 (15.4%) were younger than 50 years. Respiratory failure developed in 343 (14.7%), while mortality occurred in 2.3%. Patients with respiratory failure showed a higher incidence of major adverse cardiac events (44 (13%) vs 14 (0.8%), p
ISSN:0884-8734
1525-1497
DOI:10.1007/s11606-021-07066-z