Norwegian population norms for the EQ-5D-5L: results from a general population survey

Purpose To provide the first Norwegian EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS population norms for the adult general population. Methods Postal survey of a random sample of 12,790 Norwegians identified through the National Registry of the Norwegian Tax Administration. Norms, weighted for Norwegian general population c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Quality of life research 2022-02, Vol.31 (2), p.517-526
Main Authors:	Garratt, Andrew Malcolm, Hansen, Tonya Moen, Augestad, Liv Ariane, Rand, Kim, Stavem, Knut
Format:	Article
Language:	eng ; nor
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Age groups Aged Aged, 80 and over Depression Female Health Status Humans Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Norway - epidemiology Population Public Health Quality of Life - psychology Quality of Life Research Sociology Surveys and Questionnaires Young Adult
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Summary:	Purpose To provide the first Norwegian EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS population norms for the adult general population. Methods Postal survey of a random sample of 12,790 Norwegians identified through the National Registry of the Norwegian Tax Administration. Norms, weighted for Norwegian general population characteristics, are shown for the five EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D index, and EQ VAS scores for seven age categories, females, males, and education level. Results There were 3200 (25.9%) respondents to 12,263 correctly addressed questionnaires. The EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ VAS, and background questions were completed by 3120 (24.6%) respondents. The mean age (SD) was 50.9 (21.7) and range was 18–97 years. The youngest age group of 18–29 years and oldest of 80 years and over had the highest ( n = 691) and lowest ( n = 239) number of respondents, respectively. Compared to the general population, the respondents comprised a greater number of females, younger and older ages, and had a higher education level. 32% of respondents reported no health problems on the EQ-5D-5L. From the youngest to oldest age groups, there was a general decline in health as assessed by the EQ-5D-5L. The exception was for anxiety/depression, where the youngest age groups had the poorest health. Apart from self-care, women reported poorer health than men, as assessed by the EQ-5D-5L; EQ VAS scores were similar for men and women. Higher levels of health (EQ-5D index, EQ VAS scores) were found with increasing levels of education. Conclusion The population norms will improve interpretation of EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS scores in Norwegian applications including clinical practice, clinical and health services research, and national quality registers where EQ-5D-5L is the most widely used patient-reported instrument.
ISSN:	0962-9343 1573-2649