Comparison of processing speed, balance, mobility and fear of falling between hypertensive and normotensive individuals

•The effects of hypertension on physical function should be considered.•Compared to normotensives hypertensives had slower processing speed.•Balance and mobility was decreased more in hypertensives than normotensives.•The fear of falling was higher in the hypertensives compared to normotensives.•Cli...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (São Carlos (São Paulo, Brazil)) Brazil)), 2020-11, Vol.24 (6), p.503-511
Main Authors: Ozaldemir, Isılay, Iyigun, Gozde, Malkoc, Mehtap
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accidental Falls
Blood pressure
Cognitive Dysfunction
Dual task
Exercise Test
Exercise Therapy
Falling
Fear
Gait - physiology
Humans
Hypertension - physiopathology
Original Research
Physical Therapy Modalities
Postural Balance - physiology
Reaction time
Rehabilitation
Time and Motion Studies
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Summary:•The effects of hypertension on physical function should be considered.•Compared to normotensives hypertensives had slower processing speed.•Balance and mobility was decreased more in hypertensives than normotensives.•The fear of falling was higher in the hypertensives compared to normotensives.•Clinicians should include preventive and rehabilitative strategies in hypertensives. Hypertension (HT) contributes substantially to poor physical function, cognitive dysfunction, cardiovascular problems and to all-cause mortality. Performance in activities requiring attention, speed and coordination might also be affected in individuals with HT. This study compared the processing speed, static and dynamic balance, functional mobility and fear of falling between individuals with hypertension (HT group) and normotensive individuals (NT group). One-hundred and twenty-eight individuals were included: NT group (n = 64) and HT group (n = 64). The Choice Stepping Reaction Time Test was used for the evaluation of processing speed, Single Leg Stance test for static balance evaluation, “Y” Balance Test for dynamic balance evaluation, Timed Up and Go test with single and dual tasking for the evaluation of functional mobility and Falls Efficacy Scale for assessing fear of falling. The processing speed of the HT group was slower than that of the NT group; the total response time (RsT) in Stepping Reaction Test (SRT) (mean difference [MD] = −0.2, 95% CI = −0.3, 0), and Stroop Test (ST) [ST-A (MD = −0.4, 95% CI = −0.5, −0.2), ST-B (MD = −0.5, 95% CI = −0.7, −0.2) and ST-C (MD = −0.6, 95% CI = −0.8, −0.3). Additionally, the static [single leg stance, eyes open, right side (MD = 12.7, 95% CI = 6.3, 19.0) and left side (MD = 13.6, 95% CI = 7.2, 19.9)] and dynamic balance [Y balance test, composite score, right lower extremity (MD = 8.5, 95% CI = 4.4, 12.5) and left lower extremity (MD = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.5, 8.8) scores of the HT group were lower than those of the NT group. The HT group required a longer time to complete the functional mobility test measured with Timed Up And Go Test during both single task (MD = −0.8, 95% CI = −1.1, −0.4), cognitive dual task (MD = −1.5, 95% CI = −2.4, −0.5) and manual dual task (MD = −0.9, 95% CI = −1.3, −0.4) in comparison to the NT group. Also, the HT group had higher levels of fear of falling (MD = −7.6, 95% CI = −10.9, −4.2). Hypertensive individuals present slower processing speed, reduced static and dynamic balance, decreased functional mobilit
ISSN:1413-3555
1809-9246
DOI:10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.09.002