Investigating the Efficiency of Hydroxycinnamic Acids to Inhibit the Production of Enniatins by Fusarium avenaceum and Modulate the Expression of Enniatins Biosynthetic Genes

Enniatins (ENNs) that belong to the group of emerging mycotoxins are widespread contaminants of agricultural commodities. There is currently insufficient evidence to rule out health concerns associated with long-term exposure to ENNs and efforts must be strengthened to define a control strategy. Whi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxins 2020-11, Vol.12 (12), p.735-17
Main Authors: Gautier, Charlotte, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Verdal-Bonnin, Marie-Noelle, Ducos, Christine, Tremblay, Judith, Chéreau, Sylvain, Atanasova, Vessela, Richard-Forget, Florence
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Agricultural commodities
Agricultural pollution
Biodegradation
Biological activity
Biomarkers
Biomass
Biosynthesis
Broths
Contaminants
Contamination
Efficiency
Enniatins
Environmental Sciences
Ferulic acid
Food contamination & poisoning
Fungi
Fungicides
Fusarium
Fusarium avenaceum
Gene expression
Genes
Health risk assessment
Hydroxycinnamic acid
Investigations
Life Sciences
Metabolites
Mycotoxins
Pesticides
Plant resistance
Product recalls
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Summary:Enniatins (ENNs) that belong to the group of emerging mycotoxins are widespread contaminants of agricultural commodities. There is currently insufficient evidence to rule out health concerns associated with long-term exposure to ENNs and efforts must be strengthened to define a control strategy. While the potential of plant compounds to counteract the contamination with legislated mycotoxins has been reported, little remains known regarding ENNs. The present study evidenced for the first time the efficiency of hydroxycinnamic acids to inhibit the fungal growth and ENNs yield by . Notably, 0.5 mM of exogenous ferulic, caffeic, and -coumaric acids led to a drastic reduction of ENNs synthesis in pH4 broths, with ferulic acid being the most potent. The ENNs production inhibitory activity of ferulic acid was shown to be associated with a significant down-regulation of the expression of ENNs biosynthetic genes. To further investigate the bioactivity of ferulic acid, its metabolic fate was characterized in fungal broths and the capacity of to metabolize it through a C2-cleavage type degradation was demonstrated. Overall, our data support the promising use of ferulic acid in ENNs control strategies, either as part of an environmentally friendly plant-care product or as a biomarker of plant resistance.
ISSN:2072-6651
2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins12120735