The role of population and quantitative genetics and modern sequencing technologies to understand evolved herbicide resistance and weed fitness

Evolution of resistance to multiple herbicides with different sites of action and of nontarget site resistance (NTSR) often involves multiple genes. Thus, single‐gene analyses, typical in studies of target site resistance, are not sufficient for understanding the genetic architecture and dynamics of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pest management science 2021-01, Vol.77 (1), p.12-21
Main Authors: Leon, Ramon G, Dunne, Jeffrey C, Gould, Fred
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
Agricultural ecosystems
Agricultural management
Chemical pest control
Control methods
Environmental factors
evolution
Gene mapping
Gene sequencing
Genetics
Genome-wide association studies
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genomes
Genotypes
Herbicide resistance
Herbicide Resistance - genetics
Herbicides
Herbicides - pharmacology
Management systems
pest
Pest control
Pests
Plant Weeds - genetics
Polygenic inheritance
Population (statistical)
Population genetics
Population levels
Quantitative genetics
Quantitative trait loci
Weed Control
Weeds
Whole genome sequencing
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Summary:Evolution of resistance to multiple herbicides with different sites of action and of nontarget site resistance (NTSR) often involves multiple genes. Thus, single‐gene analyses, typical in studies of target site resistance, are not sufficient for understanding the genetic architecture and dynamics of NTSR and multiple resistance. The genetics of weed adaptation to varied agricultural environments is also generally expected to be polygenic. Recent advances in whole‐genome sequencing as well as bioinformatic and statistical tools have made it possible to use population and quantitative genetics methods to expand our understanding of how resistance and other traits important for weed adaptation are genetically controlled at the individual and population levels, and to predict responses to selection pressure by herbicides and other environmental factors. The use of tools such as quantitative trait loci mapping, genome‐wide association studies, and genomic prediction will allow pest management scientists to better explain how pests adapt to control tools and how specific genotypes thrive and spread across agroecosystems and other human‐disturbed systems. The challenge will be to use this knowledge in developing integrated weed management systems that inhibit broad resistance to current and future weed‐control methods. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Recent advances in whole‐genome sequencing as well as bioinformatic and statistical tools have made it possible to use population and quantitative genetics methods to expand our understanding of how resistance and fitness changes are genetically controlled and to predictively measure their response to selection pressure.
ISSN:1526-498X
1526-4998
DOI:10.1002/ps.5988