Clinical characteristics, laboratory outcome characteristics, comorbidities, and complications of related COVID-19 deceased: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background At present, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious global public health problem. The current meta-analysis aimed to find risk factors for the COVID-19-related death, helping to enhance the efficacy and reduce the mortality of COVID-19. Methods We searched PubMed, E...

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Published in:Aging clinical and experimental research 2020-09, Vol.32 (9), p.1869-1878
Main Authors: Qiu, Peishan, Zhou, Yunjiao, Wang, Fan, Wang, Haizhou, Zhang, Meng, Pan, Xingfei, Zhao, Qiu, Liu, Jing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Betacoronavirus
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cause of Death
Cerebrovascular disease
Comorbidity
Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis
Coronavirus Infections - mortality
Coronavirus Infections - physiopathology
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
Dyspnea
Female
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Humans
Hypertension
Incidence
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Mortality
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis
Pneumonia, Viral - mortality
Pneumonia, Viral - physiopathology
Review
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
Sex Factors
Symptom Assessment - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:Background At present, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious global public health problem. The current meta-analysis aimed to find risk factors for the COVID-19-related death, helping to enhance the efficacy and reduce the mortality of COVID-19. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, medRxiv, and Cochrane Library for articles published between January 1, 2020, and April 13, 2020. We statistically analyzed the risk factors of the COVID-19 deceased with meta-analysis. Results A total of 2401 patients in 15 articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that 66.6% of COVID-19 deceased were male, with a median age of 69.9 years. Common symptoms of deceased included fever (70.6–100%), dyspnea (38.89–85.7%), cough (22.4–78%), and fatigue (22–61.9%). The incidence of hypertension, chronic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic cerebrovascular disease among the COVID-19 deceased were 38.56% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25.84 ~ 52.12%), 17.54% (95% CI 13.38 ~ 21.69%), 22.2% (95% CI 19.30 ~ 25.10%), and 15.58% (95% CI 10.05 ~ 21.12%), respectively. Compared with the surviving COVID-19 patients, the deceased had lower platelet levels (mean difference (MD) = − 39.35, 95% CI − 55.78 ~ − 22.93) and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD = 80.85, 95% CI 62.53 ~ 99.18) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (MD = 246.65, 95% CI 157.43 ~ 335.88) at admission. The most common complications of the deceased were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR = 100.36, 95% CI 64.44 ~ 156.32) and shock (OR = 96.60, 95% CI 23.80 ~ 392.14). Conclusion Most of the COVID-19 deceased were elderly males. Fever, dyspnea, dry cough, fatigue, hypertension, chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and laboratory examinations showed low levels of platelet content, increased CRP and LDH were associated with the risk of dying. ARDS and shock were risk factors for death in COVID-19 patients.
ISSN:1720-8319
1594-0667
1720-8319
DOI:10.1007/s40520-020-01664-3