Psychotic-like experiences, polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia, and structural properties of the salience, default mode, and central-executive networks in healthy participants from UK Biobank

Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. Hallmark psychotic symptoms can be considered as existing on a continuum from non-clinical to clinical populations. Assessing genetic risk and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in non-clinical populations and th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Translational psychiatry 2020-04, Vol.10 (1), p.122-122, Article 122
Main Authors: Alloza, C., Blesa-Cábez, M., Bastin, M. E., Madole, J. W., Buchanan, C. R., Janssen, J., Gibson, J., Deary, I. J., Tucker-Drob, E. M., Whalley, H. C., Arango, C., McIntosh, A. M., Cox, S. R., Lawrie, S. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
59/57
631/378
631/477/2811
692/699/476/1799
Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Biological Specimen Banks
Hallucinations
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurosciences
Pharmacotherapy
Psychiatry
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - diagnostic imaging
Psychotic Disorders - genetics
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - diagnostic imaging
Schizophrenia - genetics
United Kingdom
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Summary:Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. Hallmark psychotic symptoms can be considered as existing on a continuum from non-clinical to clinical populations. Assessing genetic risk and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in non-clinical populations and their associated neurobiological underpinnings can offer valuable insights into symptom-associated brain mechanisms without the potential confounds of the effects of schizophrenia and its treatment. We leveraged a large population-based cohort (UKBiobank, N  = 3875) including information on PLEs (obtained from the Mental Health Questionnaire (MHQ); UKBiobank Category: 144; N auditory hallucinations = 55, N visual hallucinations = 79, N persecutory delusions = 16, N delusions of reference = 13), polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (PRS SZ ) and multi-modal brain imaging in combination with network neuroscience. Morphometric (cortical thickness, volume) and water diffusion (fractional anisotropy) properties of the regions and pathways belonging to the salience, default-mode, and central-executive networks were computed. We hypothesized that these anatomical concomitants of functional dysconnectivity would be negatively associated with PRS SZ and PLEs. PRS SZ was significantly associated with a latent measure of cortical thickness across the salience network ( r  = −0.069, p  = 0.010) and PLEs showed a number of significant associations, both negative and positive, with properties of the salience and default mode networks (involving the insular cortex, supramarginal gyrus, and pars orbitalis, p FDR  
ISSN:2158-3188
2158-3188
DOI:10.1038/s41398-020-0794-x