Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak defined by rapid screening in a neonatal intensive care unit

Summary Palivizumab is currently licensed for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children with chronic lung disease, with a history of preterm birth, or with haemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, but its routine use dur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of hospital infection 2010-08, Vol.75 (4), p.292-294
Main Authors: Dizdar, E.A, Aydemir, C, Erdeve, O, Sari, F.N, Oguz, S, Uras, N, Dilmen, U
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Cross Infection - prevention & control
Disease Outbreaks
Early Diagnosis
Female
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunomodulators
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Premature, Diseases - diagnosis
Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology
Infant, Premature, Diseases - prevention & control
Infant, Premature, Diseases - virology
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Male
Mass Screening - methods
Medical sciences
Neonatal intensive care unit
Outbreak
Palivizumab
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rapid screening test
Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - diagnosis
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - epidemiology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - prevention & control
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - isolation & purification
Turkey - epidemiology
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ent viral diseases
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Summary:Summary Palivizumab is currently licensed for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children with chronic lung disease, with a history of preterm birth, or with haemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, but its routine use during outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is not currently recommended. Here we report an outbreak in a NICU detected during a screening trial for RSV infection using a rapid antigen test (Respi-Strip® ). Eleven preterm infants in our NICU tested positive for RSV during January 2009. Subsequent testing of the remaining infants in the NICU revealed two additional asymptomatic cases. In addition to precautions against cross-infection, palivizumab prophylaxis was administered to the remaining 37 premature infants. Two days after treatment, RSV was detected in two additional infants who had become symptomatic. To our knowledge this is the largest RSV outbreak in a NICU to be identified at an early stage by rapid testing and effectively controlled by infection control measures and palivizumab prophylaxis.
ISSN:0195-6701
1532-2939
DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2010.01.013