Current Status of Therapeutic Approaches against Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Detailed Story from Injury to Recovery

Peripheral nerve injury is a complex condition with a variety of signs and symptoms such as numbness, tingling, jabbing, throbbing, burning or sharp pain. Peripheral nerves are fragile in nature and can easily get damaged due to acute compression or trauma which may lead to the sensory and motor fun...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological sciences 2020, Vol.16 (1), p.116-134
Main Authors: Hussain, Ghulam, Wang, Jing, Rasul, Azhar, Anwar, Haseeb, Qasim, Muhammad, Zafar, Shamaila, Aziz, Nimra, Razzaq, Aroona, Hussain, Rashad, de Aguilar, Jose-Luis Gonzalez, Sun, Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Axon guidance
Burning
Cell body
Classification
Communication
Compression
Connective tissue
Degeneration
Dismantling
Humans
Injuries
Intervention
Life Sciences
Muscles
Nerve Regeneration
Nervous system
Neurodegeneration
Neuromuscular junctions
Neuronal Plasticity
Pain
Paralysis
Pathophysiology
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Peripheral Nerves
Physiology
Plants
Recovery
Recovery of Function
Regeneration
Reinnervation
Review
Signs and symptoms
Surgeons
Trauma
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Summary:Peripheral nerve injury is a complex condition with a variety of signs and symptoms such as numbness, tingling, jabbing, throbbing, burning or sharp pain. Peripheral nerves are fragile in nature and can easily get damaged due to acute compression or trauma which may lead to the sensory and motor functions deficits and even lifelong disability. After lesion, the neuronal cell body becomes disconnected from the axon's distal portion to the injury site leading to the axonal degeneration and dismantlement of neuromuscular junctions of targeted muscles. In spite of extensive research on this aspect, complete functional recovery still remains a challenge to be resolved. This review highlights detailed pathophysiological events after an injury to a peripheral nerve and the associated factors that can either hinder or promote the regenerative machinery. In addition, it throws light on the available therapeutic strategies including supporting therapies, surgical and non-surgical interventions to ameliorate the axonal regeneration, neuronal survival, and reinnervation of peripheral targets. Despite the availability of various treatment options, we are still lacking the optimal treatments for a perfect and complete functional regain. The need for the present age is to discover or design such potent compounds that would be able to execute the complete functional retrieval. In this regard, plant-derived compounds are getting more attention and several recent reports validate their remedial effects. A plethora of plants and plant-derived phytochemicals have been suggested with curative effects against a number of diseases in general and neuronal injury in particular. They can be a ray of hope for the suffering individuals.
ISSN:1449-2288
1449-2288
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.35653