A cerium oxide loaded glycol chitosan nano-system for the treatment of dry eye disease

[Display omitted] •The glycol chitosan (GC)-coated cerium oxide (CNP) displayed significantly higher solubility.•GCCNP can scavenge ROS, up-regulate antioxidant enzyme SOD2, and enhance mitochondrial membrane potential in dry eye models.•GCCNP improves tear secretion, tear film stability, and ocular...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of controlled release 2019-12, Vol.315, p.40-54
Main Authors: Yu, Fan, Zheng, Min, Zhang, Alice Yang, Han, Zongchao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidant nanoparticles
Antioxidants - administration & dosage
Antioxidants - chemistry
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Cerium - administration & dosage
Cerium - chemistry
Cerium - pharmacology
Chitosan - chemistry
Conjunctiva - cytology
Conjunctiva - drug effects
Cornea - cytology
Cornea - drug effects
Disease Models, Animal
Dry eye disease
Dry Eye Syndromes - drug therapy
Female
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nanoparticles
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Solubility
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Tears - drug effects
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Summary:[Display omitted] •The glycol chitosan (GC)-coated cerium oxide (CNP) displayed significantly higher solubility.•GCCNP can scavenge ROS, up-regulate antioxidant enzyme SOD2, and enhance mitochondrial membrane potential in dry eye models.•GCCNP improves tear secretion, tear film stability, and ocular surface integrity. Dry eye (DE) disease is an uprising health epidemic that directly affects the surface of the eye. We developed a water soluble cerium oxide loaded glycol chitosan nanoparticle as a new type of eye drop, namely GCCNP (glycol chitosan cerium oxide nanoparticles). GCCNP is capable of scavenging cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the treatment of DE disease. The antioxidative effects of GCCNP were assessed in mice primary corneal and conjunctival cells in vitro and in a DE murine model in vivo. GCCNP’s effect on the DE models was assessed via histological evaluations, migration assays, cell viability assays, cellular uptake analyses, intracellular ROS scavenging assays, wound healing assays, mitochondrial membrane potential readings, corneal fluorescein staining, tear volume concentrations, tear film break up time analyses, and lastly, analytical/spectroscopic analyses of GCCNP eye drop formulations. Spectroscopic analysis showed that cerium oxide was entrapped into the glycol chitosan (GC). The solubility of cerium in GC (GCCNP) increased to 709.854±24.3μg/ml compared to its original solubility in cerium oxide, which was measured as 0.020±0.002μg/ml. GCCNP had no cytotoxic effect and showed improvements on dry eye disease models by stabilizing the tear film, scavenging ROS, up-regulating SOD, promoting and maintaining corneal and conjunctival cell growth and integrity. We provided convincing evidence that GCCNP is an effective treatment for DE and may represent a potential new class of drug for DE disease.
ISSN:0168-3659
1873-4995
DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.039