Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin following administration to stocker cattle with remote delivery devices

Abstract Remote delivery devices (RDD) are used by some to administer antimicrobials (AM) to cattle when treatment by manual injection is logistically difficult. However, it is not clear that the pharmacokinetics (PK) of AM administered by RDD is comparable to that for AM administered by injection;...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of animal science 2019-11, Vol.97 (11), p.4482-4487
Main Authors: Rivera, J Daniel, Woolums, Amelia R, Giguère, Steeve, Johnson, Joseph T, Lutz, Alexis G, Tipton, Paige N, Crosby, William B, Hice, Ivy, Thoresen, Merrilee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Health and Well-being
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacokinetics
Antimicrobial agents
Beef cattle
Body Weight
Carbon dioxide
Cattle
Creatine
Creatine kinase
Cross-Over Studies
Disaccharides - administration & dosage
Disaccharides - pharmacokinetics
Discharge
Drug Delivery Systems
Heterocyclic Compounds - administration & dosage
Heterocyclic Compounds - pharmacokinetics
Injection
Injections, Subcutaneous - veterinary
Kinases
Male
Muscles
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology
Projectors
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Summary:Abstract Remote delivery devices (RDD) are used by some to administer antimicrobials (AM) to cattle when treatment by manual injection is logistically difficult. However, it is not clear that the pharmacokinetics (PK) of AM administered by RDD is comparable to that for AM administered by injection; thus, it is not certain that cattle treated by RDD experience equivalent AM effect. Fifteen crossbred beef steers (body weight [BW] = 302.5 ± 21.7 kg) were used in a three-way crossover study to determine the PK of tulathromycin following administration with RDD in the BQA injection triangle. Cattle were treated by each of three methods at 2.5 mg of tulathromycin per kg of BW with a 60 d washout period between treatments: 1) subcutaneous injection of tulathromycin (SC), 2) treatment by RDD delivered by air pump projector (AIR, Pneudart, Model 178B) at 4.5 m distance, and 3) treatment by RDD delivered by CO2-powered projector at 7.5 m (CO2, Pneudart, Model 176B). Blood was collected prior to injection and at various points up to 552 h post-administration, pharmacokinetic data were analyzed as a mixed model using animal as a random effect and method of administration, order of administration, and their interaction as fixed effects. Plasma creatine kinase (CK) was measured before treatment and at 24 h after treatment to determine the degree of muscle injury resulting from each treatment. Three darts administered by AIR did not discharge (20%; 95% CI = 4% to 48%); and results from these steers were excluded from analysis. Maximum plasma concentration (718, 702.6, and 755.5 µg/mL for SC, AIR, and CO2, respectively) and area under the concentration-time curve (17,885, 17,423, and 18,796 µg • h/mL for SC, AIR and CO, respectively) were similar and not significantly different between methods of administration. There was an effect of time (P = 0.0002), period (P = 0.0001), and interaction between method of administration and study period (P = 0.0210) on plasma concentration of CK. However, method of treatment (P = 0.6091), interaction between method and time (P = 0.6972), interaction between period and time (P = 0.6153), and 3-way interaction between method, period and time (P = 0.6804) were not different. Results suggest that PK of tulathromycin following delivery by RDD can be similar to subcutaneous injection; however, failure of RDD to discharge after delivery by some types of projectors can cause an important proportion of cattle to fail to receive drug as expected.
ISSN:0021-8812
1525-3163
DOI:10.1093/jas/skz311