Learning to Like: A Role for Human Orbitofrontal Cortex in Conditioned Reward

A great deal of human behavior and motivation is based on the intrinsic emotional significance of rewarding or aversive events, as well as on the associations formed between such emotional events and concurrent environmental stimuli. Recent functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the ventral...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of neuroscience 2005-03, Vol.25 (10), p.2733-2740
Main Authors: Cox, Sylvia M. L, Andrade, Alexandre, Johnsrude, Ingrid S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Conditioning (Psychology) - physiology
Female
Frontal Lobe - physiology
Humans
Learning - physiology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Photic Stimulation - methods
Reward
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:A great deal of human behavior and motivation is based on the intrinsic emotional significance of rewarding or aversive events, as well as on the associations formed between such emotional events and concurrent environmental stimuli. Recent functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and amygdala in the representation of reward values and/or in the anticipation of rewarding events. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain activation during the presentation of reward with that during presentation of (conditioned) stimuli that have been paired previously with reward. Specifically, we aimed to investigate conditioned reward in the absence of explicit reward anticipation. Twenty-two healthy volunteers were scanned while monochrome visual patterns were incidentally associated with reward or negative feedback in the context of a simple card game. In the subsequent session, visual patterns, including the conditioned stimuli, were presented without reward or negative feedback, and the affective valence of these stimuli was assessed behaviorally. The presentation of reward compared with negative feedback activated the ventral striatum and OFC. Activation in the same OFC region was observed when, in the subsequent session, subjects passively viewed the stimuli that had been paired with reward, without the administration of reward and with subjects being essentially unaware of the conditioning manipulation. These findings suggest that the OFC in humans plays an important role in the representation of both rewarding stimuli and conditioned stimuli that have acquired reward value.
ISSN:0270-6474
1529-2401
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3360-04.2005