Screening of aptamers and their potential application in targeted diagnosis and therapy of liver cancer

Aptamers are a class of single oligonucleotide molecules (DNA or RNA) that are screened from random DNA or RNA oligonucleotide chain libraries by the systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology. The selected aptamers are capable of specifically binding to different targeting m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2019-07, Vol.25 (26), p.3359-3369
Main Authors: Zhang, Guo-Qing, Zhong, Li-Ping, Yang, Nuo, Zhao, Yong-Xiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage
Aptamers, Nucleotide - administration & dosage
Aptamers, Nucleotide - chemistry
Disease Models, Animal
Drug Carriers - chemistry
Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor - methods
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Humans
Intravital Microscopy - methods
Ligands
Liver - diagnostic imaging
Liver Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Liver Neoplasms - drug therapy
Microscopy, Fluorescence - methods
Minireviews
Molecular Probes - administration & dosage
Molecular Probes - chemistry
Molecular Structure
Sensitivity and Specificity
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Summary:Aptamers are a class of single oligonucleotide molecules (DNA or RNA) that are screened from random DNA or RNA oligonucleotide chain libraries by the systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology. The selected aptamers are capable of specifically binding to different targeting molecules, which is achieved by the three-dimensional structure of aptamers. Aptamers are similar in function to monoclonal antibodies, and therefore, they are also referred to as "chemical antibodies". Due to their high affinity and specificity and low immunogenicity, aptamers are topics of intense interest in today's biological targeting research especially in tumor research. They not only have high potential for clinical advances in tumor targeting detection but also are highly promising as targeted tumor drug carriers for use in tumor therapy. Various experimental studies have shown that aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic methods for liver cancer have great potential for application. This paper summarizes the structure, characteristics, and screening methods of aptamers and reviews the recent research progress on nucleic acid aptamers in the targeted diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v25.i26.3359