Can the outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell‐based therapy for myocardial infarction be improved? Providing weapons and armour to cells

Use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation after myocardial infarction (MI) has been found to have infarct‐limiting effects in numerous experimental and clinical studies. However, recent meta‐analyses of randomized clinical trials on MSC‐based MI therapy have highlighted the need for improvi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell proliferation 2017-04, Vol.50 (2), p.np-n/a
Main Authors: Karpov, Andrey A., Udalova, Daria V., Pliss, Michael G., Galagudza, Michael M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Armor
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cell Survival - physiology
Clinical trials
conditioning
Cytokines
Differentiation
Engraftment
Extracellular matrix
Genetic modification
Growth factors
Heart
Heart attacks
heart failure
Humans
Integration
Medical research
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods
mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology
Mesenchyme
microencapsulation
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial Infarction - therapy
Paracrine signalling
Pharmacology
Preconditioning
Regeneration - physiology
Review
Scaffolds
Stem cells
Therapy
Transplantation
Weapons
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Summary:Use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation after myocardial infarction (MI) has been found to have infarct‐limiting effects in numerous experimental and clinical studies. However, recent meta‐analyses of randomized clinical trials on MSC‐based MI therapy have highlighted the need for improving its efficacy. There are two principal approaches for increasing therapeutic effect of MSCs: (i) preventing massive MSC death in ischaemic tissue and (ii) increasing production of cardioreparative growth factors and cytokines with transplanted MSCs. In this review, we aim to integrate our current understanding of genetic approaches that are used for modification of MSCs to enable their improved survival, engraftment, integration, proliferation and differentiation in the ischaemic heart. Genetic modification of MSCs resulting in increased secretion of paracrine factors has also been discussed. In addition, data on MSC preconditioning with physical, chemical and pharmacological factors prior to transplantation are summarized. MSC seeding on three‐dimensional polymeric scaffolds facilitates formation of both intercellular connections and contacts between cells and the extracellular matrix, thereby enhancing cell viability and function. Use of genetic and non‐genetic approaches to modify MSC function holds great promise for regenerative therapy of myocardial ischaemic injury.
ISSN:0960-7722
1365-2184
DOI:10.1111/cpr.12316