Splenic Responses in Ischemic Stroke: New Insights into Stroke Pathology

Summary In the past decade, the significant contribution of the spleen to ischemic brain damage has gained considerable attention in stroke research. As the largest natural reservoir of immune cells, the spleen establishes critical connections with the ischemic brain during the progression of stroke...

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Published in:CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 2015-04, Vol.21 (4), p.320-326
Main Authors: Liu, Zong‐Jian, Chen, Chen, Li, Feng‐Wu, Shen, Jia‐Mei, Yang, Yuan‐Yuan, Leak, Rehana K., Ji, Xun‐Ming, Du, Hui‐Shan, Hu, Xiao‐Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brain - physiopathology
Brain damage
Brain Ischemia - physiopathology
Brain Ischemia - therapy
Humans
Immune response
Nerve Degeneration - physiopathology
Pathology
Review
Spleen
Spleen - cytology
Spleen - physiopathology
Stroke
Stroke - physiopathology
Stroke - therapy
Therapeutic strategies
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Summary:Summary In the past decade, the significant contribution of the spleen to ischemic brain damage has gained considerable attention in stroke research. As the largest natural reservoir of immune cells, the spleen establishes critical connections with the ischemic brain during the progression of stroke and mobilizes its cells to the site of injury. Multiple “alarm” signals released from the injured brain are essential for the initiation of brain–spleen communication. Spleen‐derived cells, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, are known to contribute significantly to ischemic brain damage. Understanding the dynamic splenic responses to stroke will not only provide insights into the evolvement of ischemic brain injury but will also identify potential targets for stroke treatment. Here, we review recent studies on the functions of the spleen in ischemic stroke. We have included a discussion of several therapeutic strategies that target splenic responses and reduce acute ischemic brain damage in preclinical studies. Future investigations on the effects of the spleen on long‐term stroke recovery are highly warranted.
ISSN:1755-5930
1755-5949
DOI:10.1111/cns.12361