Adoptive cellular therapies: the current landscape

For many cancer types, the immune system plays an essential role in their development and growth. Based on these rather novel insights, immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed. In the past decade, immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated a major breakthrough in cancer treatment and has c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2019-04, Vol.474 (4), p.449-461
Main Authors: Rohaan, Maartje W., Wilgenhof, Sofie, Haanen, John B. A. G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annual review issues from Virchows Archiv
Antigens
Cancer
Cancer therapies
CD19 antigen
Cell therapy
Chimeric antigen receptors
Clinical trials
Hematology
Humans
Immune checkpoint
Immune system
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neoplasms - therapy
Pathology
Receptors
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - immunology
Regulatory agencies
Review
Review Article
T cell receptors
Therapy
Toxicity
Tumor cells
Tumor Microenvironment - immunology
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
Tumors
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Summary:For many cancer types, the immune system plays an essential role in their development and growth. Based on these rather novel insights, immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed. In the past decade, immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated a major breakthrough in cancer treatment and has currently been approved for the treatment of multiple tumor types. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) or gene-modified T cells expressing novel T cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) is another strategy to modify the immune system to recognize tumor cells and thus carry out an anti-tumor effector function. These treatments have shown promising results in various tumor types, and multiple clinical trials are being conducted worldwide to further optimize this treatment modality. Most successful results were obtained in hematological malignancies with the use of CD19-directed CAR T cell therapy and already led to the commercial approval by the FDA. This review provides an overview of the developments in ACT, the associated toxicity, and the future potential of ACT in cancer treatment.
ISSN:0945-6317
1432-2307
DOI:10.1007/s00428-018-2484-0